Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Jodhpur have developed a novel nanosensor that targets cytokines -- proteins that help control the body’s inflammation levels -- and helps in the rapid diagnosis and progression of various diseases in 30 minutes. Currently used techniques for cytokine detection include enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which although reliable are highly time-consuming. These also require trained personnel and a long sample preparation or analysis time that can take over 6 hours to produce the results. However, the new sensor takes only 30 minutes in comparison and is also cost-effective, for developing therapeutics for conditions like Multiple Sclerosis, Diabetes, and Alzheimer's disease, among others, said the team. They added that the technique could also detect “trace-level molecules with high precision and selectivity.” “It uses Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy to detect analytes even at low concentrations, and is based on semiconductor process technology and works on the principle of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS),” the Institute said. “This technique which is currently in its development stage has provided exciting and encouraging results for three biomarkers i.e. interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-beta (IL-beta), and TNF-alpha which are key pro-inflammatory cytokines, released by inflammatory cells,” said Prof. Ajay Agarwal, Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Jodhpur. “As of now, the testing is done for controlled samples, but the team aims to take the technology to clinical trials soon. The group is also using this technique to develop detection protocols for the early-stage and quick diagnosis of Sepsis and Fungal infections,” he added. The findings have been published in the 2023 IEEE Applied Sensing Conference (APSCON). This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
08 April,2024 03:44 PM IST | Jodhpur | IANSA team of South Korean scientists has developed a new labelling technology that can observe neuronal structure in detail and help decode degenerative brain disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, as well as stroke -- known to cause malfunction and progressive degeneration of the nerve cells. The next-generation technology, named 'NeuM' (Neuronal Membrane-selective), enables successful monitoring of neuronal changes for up to 72 hours, said the team from the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST). NeuM works by “selectively labelling neuronal membranes, visualising neuronal structures, and allowing real-time monitoring of neuronal changes”. The researchers explained that visualising neuronal changes is important both during the disease and in normal conditions. This is because the structure and function of nerve cells continuously change while transmitting information from sensory organs to the brain. While selectively labelling living neurons for real-time monitoring is imperative, current gene-based and antibody-based labelling technologies suffer from low accuracy and difficulty in long-term tracking. NeuM, developed via the molecular design of neuronal cells, is likely to be a solution. The technology comes with “excellent binding affinity to neuronal membranes, enabling long-term tracking and high-resolution imaging of neurons”, the researchers said. "NeuM can distinguish ageing and degenerating neurons, becoming a crucial tool in elucidating the mechanisms of degenerative brain disorders and developing treatments," said Dr. Kim Yun Kyung from the Brain Science Institute at KIST. "In the future, we plan to refine NeuM for even more precise analysis of neurons by designing fluorescence wavelengths to distinguish colours such as green and red," he added. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
08 April,2024 03:37 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSThe India Meteorological Department has predicted a rise in temperature in the coming days. This indicates a rise in summer ailments among citizens, especially those stepping out in the sun frequently. Taking into account the soaring heat in Mumbai, we dialled a city health expert who shares quick tips to protect yourself during hot weather conditions. “During summer, there is a notable increase in cases of heat-related illnesses, with heat exhaustion being a prominent concern,” says Dr Divya Gopal, Internal Medicine, Sir HN Reliance Hospital and Research Centre. As detailed by Gopal a heatwave is officially recognised when the maximum temperature in a specific area reaches 40 degrees Celsius or higher for plain regions and 30 degrees Celsius or higher for hilly regions. Sudden spikes in temperature, surpassing the normal range, can disrupt the body's natural temperature regulation mechanisms, leading to various heat-related illnesses such as heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heatstroke, and hyperthermia. She lists down common heat-induced health issues: Heat exhaustion: It occurs when the body overheats, often due to exposure to high temperatures combined with high humidity and strenuous physical activity. It is one of three heat-related illnesses, ranging from mild heat cramps to severe heatstroke. Heat cramps: At the initial stage, heat cramps are characterised by intense muscle spasms resulting from salt and water loss due to heat exposure. These spasms, typically occurring in the hands, calves, and feet, may cease spontaneously, but residual soreness can persist for up to 48 hours. Heat exhaustion: It happens at the subsequent stage and is more serious. It is marked by a core body temperature rise to 101-104 degrees Fahrenheit. Symptoms include headache, low-grade fever, nausea or vomiting, increased thirst, weakness, muscle aches, reduced urine output, agitation, and possible fainting due to lowered blood pressure. Heatstroke: It represents the most severe stage and constitutes a medical emergency. It occurs when the body's core temperature exceeds 104 degrees Fahrenheit due to prolonged heat exposure or physical exertion. Symptoms include confusion, dry and reddened skin, lack of sweating, organ failure, and potentially convulsions. Gopal states, “Precautionary measures are crucial in preventing heat exhaustion, particularly for vulnerable populations like the elderly. If experiencing symptoms, cease activity, rest in a cool environment, hydrate with cool water or sports drinks, loosen clothing, apply cold compresses, and seek medical attention if symptoms worsen or persist beyond an hour.” She adds, “Recovery typically takes about a week, during which rest and avoidance of hot weather and strenuous activity are advised. If assisting someone with heat exhaustion, seek immediate medical aid if they exhibit confusion, loss of consciousness, or inability to drink.” Also Read: Aamsul Saar to Kokum Hummus: Try these refreshing Kokum-infused drinks and dishes to beat the Mumbai heat Gopal lists down common preventative care to follow throughout the summer season: Stay hydrated: Increase fluid intake to prevent dehydration. Consume ample water, fruit juices, or vegetable juices throughout the day. In extreme heat and humidity, consider replenishing electrolytes with sports drinks or homemade alternatives like ORS, lassi, rice water, lemon water, or buttermilk. Opt for lighter meals: Choose foods with high water content such as fruits (like strawberries and oranges), cucumber, and lettuce. Lighter meals aid in hydration and help to keep the body cool. Hydration during exercise: Before engaging in moderate to high-intensity workouts, drink 17 to 20 ounces of fluid two to three hours prior. During exercise, consume seven to 10 ounces of water every 20 minutes, irrespective of thirst. After exercise, replenish fluids with an additional eight ounces within 30 minutes. Avoid dehydrating substances: Steer clear of beverages containing caffeine or alcohol, as they can exacerbate fluid loss and worsen heat-related illnesses. Individuals with specific medical conditions should consult their healthcare provider before altering their fluid intake. Utilise cooling methods: Carry and use cooling sprays when outdoors in the heat. Keep curtains or blinds closed during peak daytime temperatures to maintain a cool indoor environment. Ensure safety: Never leave children, elderly individuals, or pets in parked cars, as temperatures inside can escalate rapidly. Seek shelter in air-conditioned buildings, take cool showers at least twice daily, and wear lightweight, breathable cotton clothing, along with protective gear like goggles, hats, scarves, and comfortable footwear. Time activities wisely: Plan outdoor activities during the cooler parts of the day and avoid strenuous exercise during peak heat hours. Care for vulnerable individuals: Check on neighbours, especially those living alone, and assist the elderly, children, individuals with medical conditions, and pets. Also Read: Scorching summer in Maharashtra: Mumbai expert shares handy tips to protect children from the heat Disclaimer: This information does not replace professional medical advice. Consult a qualified specialist or your physician for personalised guidance.
08 April,2024 12:56 PM IST | Mumbai | Aakanksha AhireThe festival of Chaitra Navaratri commences on the first day of the Hindu lunisolar calendar and goes on for nine days. During this auspicious period, Hindus pray to nine avatars of Goddess Shakti, and many devotees also fast. “Avoiding certain foods such as processed foods, meat, and dairy gives the digestive system a break and can work more efficiently. This can help to improve digestion and reduce digestive issues such as bloating, gas, and constipation. Navaratri fasting can be seen as a way of detoxifying the body. By consuming lighter and simpler foods, the body can eliminate toxins and waste more effectively. Improvement in overall health and vitality could be seen as a result,” says certified nutritionist Dr. Rohini Patil on the impact of fasting on our bodies. While there are variations in the types of foods that are allowed during Navaratri fasting depending on region and tradition, a common practice is to avoid a wide range of foods from grains to eggs. For many, consumption of dairy products increases due to abstinence from other food groups, so the question begs, can vegans fast for Navaratri? Below, Patil lists vegan-friendly foods that are nutritionally balanced. Foods to consume to maintain a nutritionally balanced diet Singhara Flour (Water Chestnut Flour) Singhara flour is another popular ingredient used during Navratri. A good amount of carbohydrates, calcium, and iron is present. It is also low in fat and high in fibre, which helps regulate digestion and keeps you feeling full for longer. Singhara flour is gluten-free and can be used to make a variety of dishes such as pancakes, puris, and pakoras. Buckwheat Flour Buckwheat flour is another great option for a vegan Navratri diet. It is a great source of protein, fibre, and essential amino acids. Buckwheat flour is also low in fat and gluten-free, which makes it a great option for those with gluten allergies. Pancakes, crepes, and bread can be made using buckwheat flour. Sweet Potatoes Sweet potatoes are a great source of complex carbohydrates, fibre, and vitamins A and C. They are low in fat and calories, which makes them a great option for those looking to lose weight. Baked, boiled, and roasted variations of sweet potatoes are comparatively better. Fruits Fruits are an important part of a vegan Navaratri diet. They are a power pact punch of vitamins, minerals, and fibre. Fruits and vegetables are low in fat and calories, which makes them a great option for those looking to lose weight. Some fruits that are commonly used during Navratri include apples, bananas, and papayas. Coconut Oil Coconut oil is a good source of lauric acid, which has been shown to have antimicrobial properties. Even though it is high in saturated fat but coconut oil also contains medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), which are more accessible for the body to metabolise and use for energy. Coconut oil is also believed to have many health benefits, including improving heart health, boosting the immune system, and promoting weight loss. Olive Oil It is recommended to use a variety of oils in cooking to ensure a balanced intake of healthy fats. Olive oil is a good source of vitamin E and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. It is high in monounsaturated fats, eventually a boon for heart health. Olive oil is very beneficial, it promotes good heart health and nullifies heart diseases and strokes. The nutrition expert concludes by saying, “It is important to note that while a vegan diet can be healthy, it is important to ensure that you are getting all the nutrients your body needs during the fast. Some nutrients that may be lacking in a vegan diet include protein, iron, calcium, and vitamin B12. It is recommended to consult a healthcare professional to ensure your nutritional needs are being met during the fast.” Also Read: How one should modify their exercise regime and diet while fasting
08 April,2024 10:14 AM IST | Mumbai | Maitrai AgarwalIndia has in recent years effectively eradicated polio and made some progress in reducing maternal and infant mortality rates, but the country continues to battle non-communicable diseases, respiratory diseases and mental health issues, according to experts on World Health Day on Sunday. World Health Day is marked every year on April 7. This year's theme 'My Health, My Right’ focuses on equal access to quality health care. "Key health issues faced by Indians include high incidence of non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Respiratory infections and malnutrition are also increasing," J P S Sawhney, Chairperson, Department of Cardiology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, told IANS. "Diseases both infective like tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis etc are in abundance and non-infective like diabetes with its complications, heart diseases, lung diseases like Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and bronchial asthma are on another spectrum," added Ajay Agarwal, Director-Internal Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Noida. Common risk factors contributing to many of these include poor diet, physical inactivity, smoking, alcohol consumption, environmental pollution and economic disparities. Also Read: ‘Drafting a living will safeguards your right to live and die with dignity’ The experts also lamented the paucity of healthcare facilities, access to quality healthcare, regional disparities and inadequate awareness that contribute to these challenges. Rajeev Gupta, Director - Internal Medicine at the CK Birla Hospital, Delhi, noted a significant burden of infectious diseases in the country, which include HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, vector-borne diseases like dengue fever and encephalitis, and gastrointestinal and liver diseases. "To address these challenges, India urgently needs to increase its budgetary allocation for healthcare," Gupta told IANS. On the other hand, the experts noted that "the past decade has brought remarkable changes to India's healthcare landscape", with an increase in life expectancy, polio eradication, and most recently eliminated filariasis or Kala-azar. "India has made significant progress in reducing infant mortality through improved delivery practices, universal immunisation, better sanitation, mid-day meals and food fortification. "However, there's still room for improvement. The increasing use of artificial intelligence and digital health technologies holds promise for further enhancing public health," Dr Gupta added. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
07 April,2024 11:01 AM IST | New Delhi | IANSAs the country braces for extreme heat in the April-June period with the temperatures already starting to rise, researchers have sounded the alarm over detrimental effects it can have on outdoor workers in farming, construction and other sectors. The India Meteorological Department recently said above-normal maximum temperatures were likely over most parts of the country in April-June this year, and the central and western peninsular parts are expected to face the worst impact. Above-normal heatwave days are likely over most parts of the plains, it said.Following the adverse weather warning, researchers are advocating for novel ways of working outdoors, including flexible hours and mandatory breaks, to help workers adapt to the effects of heat, made increasingly humid because of climate change. "Dry heat is relatively easier to handle. When the body heats up and we drink water, there is evaporation and the body cools down. However, in humid heat, evaporation reduces because of high moisture in the air which hampers the body's cooling mechanism," Vimal Mishra, Vikram Sarabhai Chair Professor, Civil Engineering and Earth Sciences, IIT Gandhinagar, told PTI. "Doing intensive labour in such conditions can raise body heat to a level where it can also cause mortality," he warned. An international study examining how tropical heat impacts outdoor workers has found that for one degree Celsius of additional warming, roughly 800 million people will live in areas needing hours of heavy work to be cut down by more than half over the entire year. In other words, "one degree Celsius of additional warming, heat, and humidity, will hinder the ability of one in eight people living in the tropics to safely work (outdoors) during most daylight hours," Mishra, the study's co-author, wrote in a comment for Nature India, an online publication of the Nature Portfolio.The study, co-led by the US-based Paul G Allen Family Foundation, was published in the journal One Earth in March 2024. According to the study, the world is edging closer to breaching the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement, with heat and humidity levels in the tropics having been studied to be closer than ever to human tolerance thresholds. The increasingly humid heat is likely to affect outdoor workers in Africa and Asia the most because of their large working-age populations, likely to rise in coming decades, coupled with high reliance on agriculture, forestry and fisheries, the authors said. Another study, conducted in Tamil Nadu and published in October last year, found that occupational exposure to extreme heat more than doubled the risk of miscarriage in pregnant women, with the heat generally raising the overall risk of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. "We also observed that because of limited access to toilets, the women were eating and drinking less, resulting in malnutrition. This too can impact pregnancy outcomes," Vidhya Venugopal, the study's corresponding author and professor at the Faculty of Public Health of the Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research in Chennai, told PTI. The study assessed 800 pregnant women, 47 per cent of whom were exposed to heat while working outdoors. Among the women exposed to extreme heat, 6.1 per cent had still and preterm births, compared to 2.6 per cent of the women exposed to heat within safe limits, it said. Further, 8.4 per cent of the women exposed to high heat levels birthed babies having low weight, compared to 4.5 per cent of the women exposed to safe levels of heat, the "first-of-its-kind" study to be conducted in India found. It is published in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. "Biologically, the external heat adds to the internal heat generated in pregnant women because of hormones. So, when these women sweat in the heat, the blood flow rushes more towards their organs, which lowers the amount flowing towards the foetus, thereby hindering their growth and development," Venugopal said.Mishra said that unless adaptation measures were implemented, the vulnerable tropical outdoor workers were in store for a future with more extreme heat, accompanied by more pronounced adverse impacts. The researchers also called for the empowerment of outdoor workers by raising their self-awareness and agency in decision-making."We suggest workers to avoid labour under harsh conditions. We also suggest fewer working hours with changes in working routine in line with the external ambient conditions. We further advise workers to take breaks, which can also be mandated by agencies employing them," Mishra added. Venugopal said outdoor women workers needed to be made more aware of the effects of extreme heat on their health and that primary healthcare centres can play an important role. "Through primary healthcare centres, which the women frequent during their gestation period, they can be sensitised about how the extreme heat is impacting them and their offspring's health. The government can adopt such measures in mitigating the effects of extreme heat on outdoor women workers," she said. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
07 April,2024 10:40 AM IST | New Delhi | PTI
It is not your usual will and is completely different from euthanasia. It is not just any legal document. It is legally recognisable in the eyes of Indian law. A living will is a friend to those who cannot communicate or are no longer of sound mind to make medical decisions for themselves. A living will is probably one of the best decisions you can make for yourself and your family members. Given the fact that illnesses of all kinds, from cancers to lifestyle diseases, are on the rise, it has become extremely crucial for every adult to secure themselves medically for times when they become incapacitated. A living will enables you to do just that. With World Health Day 2024 around the corner, Mid-day.com chose to speak to experts who volunteered to educate our readers about living will. While health experts refused to comment on the subject, three legal experts shared relevant insights on what a living will is, why one should draft the document, its advantages, and limitations, as well as the procedure to get a living will drafted. What is a living will? As explained by Bhaavya Roy, managing partner and founder, Kranti Law Offices, a ‘living will’ also known as an Advanced Medical Directive is essentially a legal document that allows an individual to specify their wishes and instructions about medical treatment and end-of-life care in the scenario that they become terminally ill or incapacitated and are unable to communicate. The term end-of-life care refers to medical care and support offered to patients and their families during the time leading up to death. The motive is to help patients live life as comfortably as possible by effectively managing physical symptoms and providing emotional, spiritual, and social support. Adding to Roy’s explanation, Subhadip Choudhuri, advocate, Calcutta High Court, specialising in civil laws, real estate laws and estate planning, says, “A living will is prepared by a person while they are of sound mind. In the will, one may also choose to pre-determine whether they would prefer to continue to exist on life support or recommend its withdrawal in case such an event arises.” Adding to this, Shreya Sharma, lawyer, founder, Rest The Case highlights a key piece of information. She says, “A living will is completely different from a will. Unlike a regular will or testament which deals with the distribution of assets after death, a living specifically addresses healthcare decisions while the individual is still alive.” Also Read: Death by suicide after 1st period: Why menstruation education is importantHow is it different from euthanasia? One must not confuse preparing a living will with euthanasia. Choudhuri elucidates, “Euthanasia is the act of ending the life of a terminally ill patient by his physician to save the patient from unbearable suffering which cannot be otherwise alleviated.” Euthanasia is of two types - active euthanasia and passive euthanasia. Active euthanasia may be administered at the request of the patient (voluntary euthanasia), without the patient's consent and at the discretion of his physician (involuntary euthanasia), and in instances where the patient is not in a state to provide consent (non-voluntary euthanasia). Passive euthanasia or the act of withdrawing the life support of a patient, who would otherwise not be alive, has been generally accepted worldwide. Countries like the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Colombia, Canada, Australia and a few others have accepted the administration of voluntary euthanasia only if certain conditions are met and the prescribed guidelines have been followed. Involuntary euthanasia is prohibited and illegal in most countries. In 2018, the Supreme Court of India in its judgment in Common Cause (A Registered Society) v. Union of India and Another has allowed passive euthanasia of terminally ill patients provided the prescribed safeguards and guidelines have been strictly followed. Choudhuri opines, “It may not be proper to put living will and euthanasia in the same basket. Euthanasia is a procedure while a living will is a document that contains the pre-determined consent of a person to undergo the procedure of euthanasia in case he is not able to specify his choice while being mortally ill.” Is it legal in India? Roy says drafting a living will is legal in India. “Post the 2018 judgement of the Apex Court in the matter of Common Cause vs Union of India, patient autonomy with regards to end-of-life medical care was taken into consideration and passive euthanasia was legalised in India. The Supreme Court laid out an elaborate procedure for living wills and their enforceability. This was primarily taken into consideration given the Right to Life under Article 21 of the Constitution.” The right to life under Article 21 of the Constitution of India promises dignity in the process of dying. Depriving a person of their dignity during the end of their life is equivalent to depriving them of a meaningful existence. Thus, the Supreme Court of India recognised the right to make advance directives for medical treatment, including the decision to refuse life-sustaining treatment. Also Read: It's ‘that time’ of the month: Is India ready to have a menstrual leave policy? Should one draft a living will? “Living wills are incredibly helpful,” says Sharma. “Any adult who wants to have a say in their medical care should consider drafting a living will, particularly those with specific preferences or concerns about medical treatment.” Further, she states, “A living will also allows one to express their preference regarding the donation of organs and tissues after their passing, potentially saving or improving the lives of others.” Roy adds, “However morbid the conversation around living wills may be for family and friends, a living will ensure that the dignity of the executor remains prime in medical scenarios leading to the demise of the individual – dare I further add that the psychological and financial aspect, on the concerned caregivers wherein the dilemma of the said decision may impedingly loom on them.” Sharing his viewpoint, Choudhuri states, “A living will effectively safeguard a person's right to live with dignity and his right to die with dignity. A person can specifically state which medical procedures they would be willing to undergo and which they would not, in case they suffer from any ailments in the future that would not enable them to convey their decision then.” He goes on to say, “A living will remove any doubt that may arise in the minds of the doctors at the time of treatment of the person. One can also appoint a person who would have the right to make decisions on his behalf regarding the medical treatment and care to be provided to him. A pre-recorded consent also relieves a person's family members from making the painful decision to withdraw life support and let the person die or to allow him to live and suffer in excruciating pain. Further, the doctors would also feel assured that by withdrawing the life support they would not be acting unlawfully, as they had the consent of the patient.” Thus, all three legal experts think that any adult in a healthy and sound state of mind who is capable of understanding the purpose and consequences of drafting his living must decide to draft such a document. Also Read: Rising cases of child abuse in schools: How to ensure student safety?What is the procedure for drafting the will? Only an adult of the age of 18 years or above can prepare a living will. The Supreme Court in the Common Causes Judgement laid down a procedure for the execution of a living will which is as follows: 1. The executor is required to sign the will in the presence of two, preferably independent, attesting witnesses. 2. The will shall then be countersigned by the Judicial Magistrate, after which the witness and the Judicial Magistrate record their satisfaction regarding the fact of voluntary execution and absence of any coercion or inducement or compulsion. 3. The living will is to be made in multiple copies which shall be kept in the custody of the Judicial Magistrate and with the registry of the jurisdictional District Court and the competent officer of the Municipality or Panchayat. 4. Further, a copy needs to be provided to close friends and family and family physicians, if any. There is as such no bar in making multiple copies of the living will and handing them to such persons. Ensure you hand out the copies to those you may deem necessary and who may ensure that the healthcare providers are intimated and made aware at the relevant time. What should be mentioned in the will? A living will should be signed in the presence of two attesting witnesses and affirmed by a judicial magistrate. In a scenario, wherein the individual is terminally ill, the doctor overseeing treatment is mandated to constitute a board of three experts, having 20 years of experience in the medical field. Essentially, the contents of the said document should clearly state medical treatment guidelines. The instructions shall be clear and easy to understand. Primarily the document shall show that the person making the said document is clear of the consequence of the document. It has to be clearly stated in the living will under what circumstances should no medical treatment be provided or withdrawn. The living will should also clearly indicate that the executor has reserved his right to revoke or amend it at any point in time. Further, one or more guardians or close relatives should be nominated and entrusted with making decisions on behalf of the executor regarding the refusal or withdrawal of medical treatment by the directions in the living will in case it becomes necessary. It is recommended to consult a trusted physician who can properly advise what ailments the person may incur based on his present health conditions as well as his family health history. As per the physician's recommendations, the person should address all such ailments in a detailed manner after considering and understanding the implications of accepting or rejecting a particular medical treatment. To ensure accuracy, it's crucial to work with a qualified legal professional experienced in drafting living wills. Clearly communicate your preferences, review the document carefully before signing, and periodically update it as needed. Are there any downsides to drafting a living will?Although there remains no doubt that drafting a living will offer numerous benefits, one cannot overlook its certain limitations. Choudhuri lists some common ones: A person in a healthy state at present can never determine with surety what they would want when they are in a terminally ill situation in the future. Their refusal to any particular treatment is solely based on their assumption and their limited knowledge of what might ensue and not what they will face then in the future. There also remains a possibility that with the advancement of medical science, an ailment that is not curable at present may be effectively treated and cured in the future. Further, a person's living will may not be communicated to the health care provider at the relevant point of time in case the family or the persons entrusted decide not to. The healthcare provider may also decide not to abide by the living will on the ground that the patient lacked proper understanding of the ailment and of the consequences of the withdrawal of medical treatment at the time of executing the document. Disclaimer: This information does not replace professional advice. Consult a qualified specialist or your physician for personalised guidance.
07 April,2024 07:40 AM IST | Mumbai | Aakanksha AhireAs mercury is set to reach 40 degrees Celsius, doctors on Saturday advised caution on heat-related illness. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) on Saturday predicted a possibility of the temperatures rising to 39 degrees Celsius in the coming week in the national capital. Various parts of the country, including Bihar, Odisha, Maharashtra, and Kerala are already facing severe heat levels. "Be cautious. Watch for symptoms like dizziness, disorientation, or warm, wet skin. These could indicate cardiovascular distress from extreme heat," Pankaj Chaudhary - Senior Consultant, Internal Medicine, Max Hospital, Vaishali, told IANS. "Remember, heat can be deadly, especially for vulnerable populations. Let's prioritise our well-being and adapt to these changing climate conditions," he added. Early this week, the Health Ministry held a review meeting on public health preparedness for heat-related illnesses in the country. "Timely, advance and wide awareness among people on preventive measures will hugely support in reducing the severe impact of such heat waves," said Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare Mansukh Mandaviya, who chaired the meeting. "Stay cool, stay safe. Remember, a little precaution goes a long way in keeping heat-related illnesses at bay," said the Health Ministry, issuing heatwave guidelines, on X.com. Meanwhile, the doctors stressed to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, even if one is not thirsty, and to opt for water or non-alcoholic, decaffeinated beverages. "As summer brings the threat of heatwaves, it's vital to protect yourself. Hydration is paramount; carry a water bottle when outdoors to regulate body temperature and prevent heat-related illnesses," Mohan Kumar Singh, Senior Consultant - Internal Medicine, Marengo Asia Hospital, Gurugram, told IANS. "Remember, dehydration poses serious risks, so drink water regularly to stay hydrated and maintain your well-being. By prioritising hydration and taking precautions against excessive sun exposure, you can stay safe and comfortable during hot weather conditions," he added. The doctors also advised to wear sunscreen, wear hats, and stay in the shade to minimise sun exposure; avoid strenuous exercise during peak heat hours, and wear loose, lightweight, and light-coloured clothing to stay comfortable.
06 April,2024 01:21 PM IST | Mumbai | IANSA simple blood test that checks for prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a marker for prostate cancer, is safe and sufficient, if done at intervals of every five years, finds a study on Saturday. Screening for prostate cancer has historically been a controversial subject. While the PSA test has been effective in screening the risk, it is also known for false positives leading to unnecessary invasive treatments and false negatives leading to cancers being missed. "This is gradually changing due to MRI scans which can avoid unnecessary biopsies and the use of 'active surveillance', where men with early-stage cancer are monitored and only undergo treatment if their disease progresses," said the researchers from Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf in Germany. The team's study, presented at the ongoing European Association of Urology (EAU) Congress in Paris, France, showed that five years is enough to screen low-risk men for prostate. They noted that the "screening interval for those at low risk could be much longer with minimal additional risk". The findings come as a new analysis published in the Lancet Commission on Friday showed that cases of prostate cancer are likely to double worldwide to 2.9 million per year, while annual deaths are projected to rise by 85 per cent -- to almost 700,000 deaths by 2040. The new study included men aged 45 split into three groups. Men with a PSA level of under 1.5 nanograms per millilitre (ng/ml) were deemed low risk and followed up with a second test after five years. While those with a PSA level between 1.5-3 ng/ml were deemed intermediate risk and followed up in two years, men with a PSA level over 3 ng/ml were found in the high-risk category and given an MRI scan and biopsy. Of over 20,000 men recruited to the trial and deemed low risk, 12,517 have now had their second PSA test at age 50. The results, also forthcoming in the journal European Urology, showed that only 1.2 percent of these (146 in total) had high levels of PSA (over 3 ng/ml) and were referred for an MRI and biopsy. Only 16 of these men were subsequently found to have cancer -- just 0.13 per cent of the total cohort. "By raising the bar for low risk from 1 ng/ml to 1.5, we enabled 20 per cent more men within our cohort to have a longer gap between tests, and very few contracted cancer in that time," said lead researcher Professor Peter Albers, from the Department of Urology at the University. "Our study is still underway, and we may find that an even longer screening interval, of seven, eight, or even ten years, is possible without additional risk," he added. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
06 April,2024 12:37 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSIf you are regularly experiencing tingling, burning, numbness, and pain in your feet, you may be prediabetic -- a sign that your body’s insulin levels are rising, said Dr Sudhir Kumar, a Hyderabad-based neurologist on Saturday. Prediabetes can be defined as the presence of higher-than-normal blood sugar levels and a high risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes, known to increase the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other serious illnesses, is “taken seriously, however, prediabetes is not given the seriousness it deserves,” Dr Sudhir, a neurologist at Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, said. Data show that about 136 million people in India, or 15.3 per cent of the population of the country are prediabetic -- a stage which can act as a wake-up call and prevent diabetes. “People with prediabetes also have a higher risk of stroke, heart attack, peripheral neuropathy (damage of nerves), and retinopathy (which can lead to vision impairment),” Dr Sudhir said. One can easily gauge their diabetes levels using a simple blood test called the HbA1C. The haemoglobin A1c (glycated haemoglobin, glycosylated haemoglobin, HbA1c, or A1c) test is used to evaluate a person's level of glucose control. It shows an average of the blood sugar level over the past 90 days and represents a percentage. For many people, the diabetes monitoring test HbA1C may show 6 per cent and is usually considered normal. However, it is not, said the doctor. “Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C) of 6 per cent is not normal,” Dr Sudhir said. “An HbA1C of greater than 5.7 is referred to as prediabetes. More than 10 per cent of patients with prediabetes can have tingling, burning, numbness, and pain of feet, a condition referred to as prediabetic neuropathy. “For an HbA1c test to classify as normal, or in the non-diabetic range, the value must be below 5.7 per cent. Anyone with an HbA1c value of 5.7 per cent to 6.4 per cent is considered to be prediabetic, while diabetes can be diagnosed with an HbA1c of 6.5 per cent or higher,” he explained. The doctor, however, cautioned that the target of HbA1C below 5.7 per cent is “recommended only for healthy people, or people with diabetes/prediabetes who are not on medications.” For those taking anti-diabetic medications, “the ideal HbA1C level is 6.5 per cent”. “This is because stricter control in people taking anti-diabetic medications may lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), which can cause severe complications,” he explained. The key to lowering the HbA1C levels is via “carbohydrate restriction in the diet.” “This can be achieved by avoiding or restricting sugar, jaggery, honey, etc. Sugar-sweetened beverages (soft drinks, packed fruit juices) and sweets should be avoided,” the doctor said. He also advised minimising the “intake of rice, roti, idli, dosa, potatoes, and fruits”, and suggested a combination of aerobic exercises and strength training. This story has been sourced from a third party syndicated feed, agencies. Mid-day accepts no responsibility or liability for its dependability, trustworthiness, reliability and data of the text. Mid-day management/mid-day.com reserves the sole right to alter, delete or remove (without notice) the content in its absolute discretion for any reason whatsoever.
06 April,2024 12:25 PM IST | New Delhi | IANSTo mark World Health Day, Wockhardt Hospitals, Mira Road hosted complimentary health check-ups to emphasise the significance of self-care and wellness for individuals in demanding professions such as police officers, senior citizens, teachers and media professionals, benefiting from the free check-ups to enhance their overall quality of life and to emphasise the importance of lifestyle. Physician check-ups, blood sugar, blood pressure monitoring, and ECG were carried out for approximately 350-400 professionals. Police officers, teachers and media professionals often face significant health issues due to their erratic schedules and long working hours. These professions demand a high level of physical and mental alertness, leading to chronic stress, sleep disorders, urinary tract infections, high blood pressure, poor diabetes control and poor dietary habits. They are often at risk of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, thyroid problems and gastric issues. They also suffer from anxiety, depression and burnout as they work in high-pressure environments with tight deadlines. The constant need to stay updated with rapid changes in their respective fields can disrupt their circadian rhythms and lead to disrupted sleep patterns. Teachers face exhaustion from managing classrooms all day, resulting in musculoskeletal problems such as back pain and headaches. The long working hours combined with irregular schedules in these professions contribute to increased levels of the stress hormone cortisol in the body. This can weaken the immune system making individuals more prone to illnesses like colds or flu. Finding a balance between work and personal life is crucial for maintaining good health in these demanding occupations. “Amid the hustle and bustle of demanding professions like journalism, teaching and serving society as a policeman, neglecting personal health often takes a back seat. Policemen, journalists and teachers are a vital part of society and are known to work to uplift citizens. But, the relentless pursuit of excellence in their respective fields leaves these individuals with little time to prioritise their well-being. Media professionals are the fourth pillar of society and are responsible for educating the masses regarding health issues. The hospital also included senior citizens in this initiative who neglect their health and often suffer in silence. Imagine a world where those who dedicate their lives to informing, inspiring, and protecting others no longer have to sacrifice their health for their professions. We celebrate and salute the unbreakable spirit of these professionals who risk their lives, and we offer free health to these unsung heroes dedicated to serving the community. A special block-building game was conducted for them containing various health messages. This event served as a reminder for everyone to pledge to maintaining overall well-being instead of neglecting any health problems,” said Dr Pankaj Dhamija. “The demanding nature of our job as police officers often leads us to neglect health while serving and protecting the community. It's easy to prioritise the well-being of others while putting our own needs on the back burner. Such initiatives are invaluable reminders for us to take a step back and prioritise self-care. Regular health checkups help us identify any underlying health issues early and serve as a crucial opportunity to reset and realign our priorities toward personal wellness. By investing time in our health, we become better equipped to handle the demands of our profession. Kudos to Wockhardt Hospital for recognising the importance of supporting our holistic well-being, and providing us with an avenue to receive the care and attention we deserve,” concluded Sr police inspector, Ninad Sawant and API Sachin Shikhare, Borivali Police Station. Also Read: Do this to make the most of your intermittent fast
05 April,2024 03:27 PM IST | Mumbai | mid-day online correspondentADVERTISEMENT
