Europe Moves to Revive Mining to Cut Reliance on China

Race for metals and minerals amid growing battery demand spurs innovation and erodes European resistance to local production

Photo by Lauren Patracca/WSJ.

INSHEIM, Germany—Near the Rhine river in this part of western Germany, little indicates that beneath the picturesque villages, vineyards and rolling hills there lies enough lithium to make millions of batteries for electric vehicles.

Vulcan Energy Resources Ltd., an Australian-German mining company, recently began extracting lithium from a mix of scalding water, minerals and metals almost 2 miles underground. The same hot brine has for years powered a geothermal electricity station, which Vulcan bought. The company has big expansion plans in the valley, backed by contracts to supply the auto industry.

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