Mangaluru: Growth of Sabellaria noticed in coastal marine ecosystem

MANGALURU: Researchers from the department of applied biology, St Aloysius College, here have noticed the growth of Sabellaria in the coastal areas of Mangaluru, clinging to the rocks of Ullala and Surathkal shores. The research on seaweeds has been on for the past four years
Sabellaria, a species of roundworm commonly known as the honeycomb worm, is a marine species found along rocky shores. The growth has been increasing in the last 1.5 years. Sabellaria sp. creates complex and intricate structures called reefs that serve as protective homes for the worms, according to researchers.
Leo D'Souza, director of applied botany and Shashikiran Nivas, the research coordinator are leading research along with Ph.D scholars: Sudheeksha Kiran, Sachin Patavardhan, Jain James, and Sulakshana Karkala, examining various dimensions of the subject with the help of advanced scientific infrastructure.
Nivas told TOI that the applied botany department had been conducting research about the behaviour of flora in seawaters in the coastal district for many years. They have also collected numerous samples to conduct extensive research on seaweeds.The department has permission from the Karnataka Biodiversity Board "During the studies, the researchers noticed Sabellaria engulfing rocks. The study shows that growth has been increasing in the last 1.5 years," says Nivas, adding that locals should also be aware of the growth of Sabellari.
The growth of Sabellaria has a lot of positive outcomes for marine life. Nivas explains that it creates complex and intricate structures called reefs that serve as protective homes for worms. These reefs are composed of sand, shells, and other debris that the worms collect and cement together using an adhesive secretion. The arrangement of the reefs also plays a critical role in their strength, setting a living example of bioengineering. The worms build the reefs in a honeycomb-like pattern, with individual chambers connected to one another.
The reefs can grow up to several centimetres in length and height and can provide shelter for not only the worms but also for other marine organisms such as fish, crabs, and starfish, thereby acting as biodiversity enhancers.
Further, Sabellaria gives promising solutions to coastal erosion and a new dimension to the study of marine life, says Nivas. "The unique ability of Sabellaria to withstand the powerful waves and tides of the ocean has significant implications for coastal protection and ecosystem management. In areas where Sabellaria reefs are abundant, they can serve as natural breakwaters, reducing the impact of waves on coastal infrastructure such as harbours, piers, and seawalls," she said, adding they will continue extensive study on Sabellaria.