PremiumMolnupiravir, developed by Merck with partner Ridgeback Biotherapeutics, is intended to be used at home to treat Covid in people 18 and older at risk of developing severe illness
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Merck & Co.’s Covid-19 pill was cleared by US regulators Thursday, giving high-risk patients a second at-home treatment just as the omicron variant is causing cases to surge around the country.
The drug, molnupiravir, received emergency authorization on the heels of Pfizer Inc.’s competing pill that was cleared Wednesday. The FDA said Merck’s drug is not recommended for use in pregnant people.
The two treatments hold the potential to keep a sharp rise in infections from overwhelming US hospitals. Molnupiravir, developed by Merck with partner Ridgeback Biotherapeutics LP, is intended to be used at home to treat Covid in people 18 and older at risk of developing severe illness. A study showed it reduced the risk of hospitalization or death among adults with mild to moderate disease by 30%.
Molnupiravir works by introducing errors in genetic material to ultimately stop the virus’s replication, but it may affect growing human cells. Merck has established a pregnancy surveillance program for the drug and said men and women should use contraception while taking molnupiravir.
The US has signaled a preference for Pfizer’s pill, ordering 10 million courses along with 3 million of Merck’s. However, the Merck pill will be available more widely early on. The U.S. expects to receive its full order of three million courses of Merck’s drug by the end of January. Pfizer’s will arrive more slowly, with 10 million coming by July.
Jeff Zients, who serves as President Joe Biden’s Covid-19 response coordinator, said Wednesday that the U.S. would use Merck’s pill however the FDA advises. “We will follow the FDA’s lead," he said.
Merck’s shares were little changed as of 11:02 a.m. in New York.
In November, a panel of outside advisers to the FDA debated whether Merck’s drug was safe for wide use. Some expressed concern that it could lead to mutations that might make the virus more dangerous or transmissible, or that it could pose risks for pregnant people, and that its low efficacy in the clinical trial meant its risks outweighed its benefits. Ultimately, a divided panel voted to back the treatment by a narrow margin.
Merck has said molnupiravir doesn’t pose long-term risks and touted how well it worked in preventing death in patients.
“This is a drug that when you look at it, an antiviral, in the middle of a pandemic, that reduces mortality by 90%," said Dean Li, president of Merck’s research division. “In the history of respiratory viruses and other pandemics there’s never been drugs that can do that, and we have one of those and we are ready to supply the world."
Currently, patients who could become seriously ill with Covid are given infused drugs in hospitals or clinics, whereas a five-day course of molnupiravir can be taken at home.
The U.S. has already reached a contract with Merck for $1.2 billion which means a five-day course will cost the government about $700 per patient. Molnupiravir will give Merck about $2.5 billion in global revenue next year, according to an estimate from Airfinity Ltd.
Meanwhile, Pfizer is already pulling in huge profits from its Covid vaccine and expected to reap about $17 billion from sales of Paxlovid in 2022, the London-based data firm said.
Government officials have said they expect to have 400,000 courses of Merck’s treatment available initially.
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