The findings of the study were published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

The study was led by researchers from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and the University of Pennsylvania's Annenberg Public Policy Center.

The results suggest the importance of developing new strategies to prevent risky driving in young adults, especially those with impulsive personalities.

Cell phone use while driving has been linked to increased crash and near-crash risk. Despite bans on handheld cell phone use while driving in many states, crash reduction results are inconsistent.

One explanation may be that those who use cell phones while driving are more likely to engage in other intentionally risky behaviours. Instead of solely addressing the use of cell phones while driving, the authors suggest training young drivers to avoid all risky behaviours associated with impulsivity and sensation seeking.

"This study found that frequent cell phone use while driving was only one indicator of a more general pattern of risky driving practices associated with prior crashes in young drivers," said lead study author Elizabeth Walshe, PhD, a research scientist at the Center for Injury Research and Prevention (CIRP) at CHOP and co-leader of CHOP's Neuroscience of Driving research program.

"Assessment of personality traits, such as impulsivity and sensation seeking, may be helpful to identify drivers most at risk in order to provide more targeted interventions promoting safe driving," added Walshe.

This retrospective study recruited 384 young drivers from across the U.S. to complete an online survey measuring risky driving practices - including cell phone use - as well as history of crashes and impulse-related personality traits. The study found that 44.5 per cent of drivers reported being in at least one crash, and 73 per cent of them reported cell phone use while driving.

Those who used cell phones while driving were also more likely to participate in other risky driving behaviours, including ignoring speed limits, aggressively passing vehicles going in the same direction, and running red lights. The use of cell phones was not uniquely associated with prior crashes but was one of several risky activities related to crashes.

"It may be useful to treat cell phone use while driving as part of a group of risky driving behaviours, such as driving while impaired by alcohol," said study co-author Dan Romer, PhD, research director of the Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania and a senior fellow at CIRP.

"For example, messages to enhance driver safety might focus on a larger range of hazardous practices that place the driver and others at risk rather than citing only one, like cell phone use," concluded Romer.