"Disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic are causing historical data that reflect past conditions to quickly become obsolete, which is breaking many production AI and machine learning (ML) models," said Jim Hare, Distinguished Research Vice President at Gartner.

"In addition, decision making by humans and AI has become more complex and demanding, and overly reliant on data hungry deep learning approaches." Gartner analysts discussed new data and analytics (D&A) techniques to build a resilient, adaptable and data literate organisation during the Gartner Data and Analytics Summit 2021 which is taking place virtually in EMEA through Thursday.

D&A leaders need to turn to new analytics techniques known as 'small data' and 'wide data.' "Taken together they are capable of using available data more effectively, either by reducing the required volume or by extracting more value from unstructured, diverse data sources," said Hare.

Small data is an approach that requires less data but still offers useful insights. The approach includes certain time-series analysis techniques or few-shot learning, synthetic data or self-supervised learning. Wide data enables the analysis and synergy of a variety of small and large, unstructured and structured data sources. It applies X analytics, with X standing for finding links between data sources, as well as for a diversity of data formats.

These formats include tabular, text, image, video, audio, voice, temperature or even smell and vibration. "Both approaches facilitate more robust analytics and AI, reducing an organisation's dependency on big data and enabling a richer, more complete situational awareness or 360-degree view," said Hare.

"D&A leaders apply both techniques to address challenges such as low availability of training data or developing more robust models by using a wider variety of data." Potential areas where small and wide data can be used are demand forecasting in retail, real-time behavioural and emotional intelligence in customer service applied to hyper-personalisation, and customer experience improvement.

Other areas include physical security or fraud detection and adaptive autonomous systems, such as robots, which constantly learn by the analysis of correlations in time and space of events in different sensory channels.