Gurgaon: The bright orange flowers of the roheda tree (Tecomella undulata), an evergreen tree found in desert or dry regions, lend a cheerful air to the Aravalis in spring. The tree, which is crucial to the ecology of the region, has been declining over the years, according to experts.
“The roheda tree plays an important role in ecology as it acts as a soil-binder by spreading a network of roots on the surface of the soil. It helps in stabilising the soil in the ever-changing sand dunes in the Aravalis. It also provides a habitat for birds and wildlife. While the tree is still visible in some parts of the Aravalis today, it needs conservation,” said Sunil Harsana, an environmental activist who has conducted several surveys of the Aravalis.
With increasing demand in timber and pharmacological industries coupled with negligible conservation efforts, this species has now been designated as “threatened” in neighbouring Rajasthan. According to experts, the tree is facing extinction as it is a good source of timber and its wood is durable and strong. “The wood is excellent for firewood and charcoal. In dry areas, cattle and goats eat the leaves of this tree. Camels, goats and sheep consume its flowers and pods. The roheda tree can be spotted in areas of the Aravalis where the native plantation hasn’t been disturbed because of urbanisation,” said Vaishali Rana Chandra, an environmental activist.
The roheda tree thrives well in dry areas and extreme high temperatures. As it is a desert plant, its leaves are narrow and have long, thin capsule-shaped fruits that can be up to 20cm long. Its seeds have wings which help in dispersion.
According to experts, the bark of this tree can be used to treat syphilis. It is also used in traditional medicines as a cure for urinary disorders and liver diseases, while its seeds are used to treat boils. Author Pradip Krishen, in his book “Trees of Delhi”, has pointed out that a roheda tree in the capital’s Lodhi Garden, credited with curing children’s skin disease, is festooned with the clothes of its young ‘patients.’