To help sort it all out, researchers from the Center for Weight, Eating and Lifestyle Science (WELL Center) in the College of Arts and Sciences at Drexel University systematically reviewed numerous independently published guidelines for having conversations with children about weight status to analyze their content, consistency, actionability and scientific support.

"It's important that parents and health care professionals be critical consumers of guidelines on talking to kids about overweight and obesity because guidelines have a lot of variability between them on the question of whether or not to talk about a kid's weight directly," said Elizabeth Lampe, graduate student in the College of Arts and Sciences and lead author. "Parents and health care professionals should read several different guidelines and make sure that they are making the best decision for their kid, since every situation can be unique."

Researchers performed web-based searches that identified 59 independently published guidelines on childhood obesity by major health advocacy groups. Only 13 provided explicit direction on how the caregiver or health care professional should approach a conversation about overweight or obesity with a child.

Throughout the 13 guidelines, nine topics were identified within the advice provided: attitude modeling (covered by 31% of guidelines), behavior modeling (61%), dietary recommendations (54%), physical activity (46%), body acceptance and self-esteem (69%), conversation advice (92%), contact with health care professionals (46%), talking about "weight" versus "overall health" (54%) and external factors, such as bullying and/or media (54%).

Lampe noted that although all guidelines presented similar content, several inconsistencies in recommendations emerged. Only three of the 13 guidelines referenced any scholarly sources and only a small minority of advice was easily applied to everyday situations by caregivers or health care professionals.

"We call for future guidelines to unify their messages for caregivers and health care professionals and be better supported by scholarly data," said Lampe.

She added that parents and caregivers are not the only consumers of these guidelines.

"Policy makers may be using these guidelines to influence their decisions or practitioners might use these guidelines to inform their practice," said Lampe. "Some important implications of this could be a lack of health behavior change and potential perpetuation of weight stigma."

Story Source:

Materials provided by Drexel University. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference:

1. Elizabeth W Lampe, Sophie R Abber, Evan M Forman, Stephanie M Manasse. Guidelines for caregivers and healthcare professionals on speaking to children about overweight and obesity: a systematic review of the gray literature. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 2020; 10 (5): 1144 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa012