Table of Contents
What is bigha?
Bigha is a traditional unit of measurement of land. It is commonly used across northern parts of India, Bangladesh and Nepal or in areas where there has been a migration from India, such as Fiji. In India, Assam, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal use bigha as a measure. However, it is interesting to note that in all these places, there is no one standard understanding of the term.
See also: Bigha to acre calculator
How much is 1 bigha in Indian states
| State | Understanding of 1 bigha |
| Assam | 14,400 sq ft |
| Bihar | 27,220 sq ft |
| Gujarat | 17,427 sq ft |
| Haryana | 27,225 sq ft |
| Himachal Pradesh | 8,712 sq ft |
| Jharkhand | 27,211 sq ft |
| Punjab | 9,070 sq ft |
| Rajasthan | 1 pucca bigha = 27,225 sq ft 1 kuchha bigha = 17,424 sq ft |
| Madhya Pradesh | 12,000 sq ft |
| Uttarakhand | 6,804 sq ft |
| Uttar Pradesh | 27,000 sq ft |
| West Bengal | 14348.29 sq ft |
Difference between pucca and kuchha bigha
In the table provided above, you may have noticed that in Rajasthan, there exists both pucca (ripe) and kuchha (crude) bigha. What is the difference between the two? The two units are used, not just in Rajasthan but in parts of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, as well. While pucca or pakka bigha was comparatively, widely used, the kuchha bigha was usually used by landlords while dealing with their tenants. Both the measurements were ‘standardised’ by early landlords and varies from place to place.
Commonly asked questions on bigha conversion into other units
- How many bigha is in one acre?
One acre is 1.62 bigha.
- How many bigha in one hectare?
One hectare is 4 bigha and consequently two hectare is 8 bigha and five hectare is 20 bigha.
Bigha to hectare conversion
- How many sq ft in one bigha?
One bigha is 26,910.66 sq ft.
Use our Bigha to square feet calculator
- How many square yard in one bigha?
One bigha is 2,990 sq yd.
Convert Bigha to square yard
- How many square metre in one bigha?
One bigha is 2,500 sq mt.
See also: Bigha to square meter
- How many marla in one bigha?
One bigha is 0.46 marla.
- How many kanal in one bigha?
One bigha is 4.94 kanal.
Convert Bigha to kanal
- How many biswa in one bigha?
One bigha is 0.01 biswa.
- How many ground in one bigha?
One bigha is 1.04 ground.
- How many aankadam in one bigha?
One bigha is 34.73 aankadam.
- How many rood in one bigha?
One bigha is 0.23 rood.
- How many chatak in one bigha?
One bigha is 5.56 chatak.
- How many kottah in one bigha?
One bigha is 37.38 kottah.
- How many cent in one bigha?
One bigha is 61.78 cent.
- How many perch in one bigha?
One bigha is 9.18 perch.
- How many guntha in one bigha?
One bigha is 2.30 guntha
- How many are in one bigha?
One bigha is 2.32 are.
*Note: Some numbers may vary depending on the local understanding of bigha.
Why does bigha vary in different states?
It was only in 1778 that the French devised standard land measurement units. Prior to that, the local land measurements were popular. Natives still prefer using the age-old and familiar concept and understanding of bigha. This is true for all other locally used units of measurement, as well.
Zone-wise understanding of bigha
| Zone | Measurement | States |
| East India | 1 Bigha = 1,600 sq yd | Assam and Bengal |
| West India | 1 Bigha = 1,936 sq yd | Gujarat and parts of Rajasthan |
| Central India | 1 Bigha = 1,333.33 sq yd | Madhya Pradesh |
| North India | 1 Bigha = 900 to 3,025 sq yd | Across north India |
Note: South India does not use bigha as a land measurement unit.
Other common area conversion factors
| Unit | Conversion factor |
| 1 sq ft | 144 square inches |
| 1 Square Yard (sq yd) | 9 sq ft |
| 1 Acre | 4,840 sq yd |
| 1 Hectare | 10,000 sq mtr (or 2.47 acres) |
| 1 Bigha | 968 sq yd |
| 1 Bigha-Pucca | 3,025 sq yd |
| 1 Biswa | 48.4 sq yd |
| 1 Killa | 4,840 sq yd |
| 1 Aankadam | 72 sq ft |
| 1 Cent | 435.6 sq ft |
| 1 Ground | 2,400 sq ft |
| 1 kanal | 5,445 sq ft (8 Kanals = 1 acre) |
| 1 Kuncham | 484 sq yd |
| 1 Chatak | 180 sq ft |
| 1 Guntha | 1,089 sq ft |
Mukhya Mantri 1 Bigha Scheme
In Himachal Pradesh, the government has launched the Mukhya Mantri 1 Bigha Scheme that will empower about 1.5 lakh rural women, by providing them employment under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS). Under the scheme, a woman or her family owning up to one bigha land can grow a backyard kitchen garden. The move is aimed at easing the economic impact caused by the Coronavirus pandemic. Under the 1 Bigha Scheme, beneficiaries will be trained at various methods of cultivation to ensure maximum profits.
The 1 Bigha Scheme will help the rural women earn Rs 1 lakh per year, which includes a daily wage of Rs 198. Every 15 days, this wage will be transferred to their Aadhaar-linked bank account. Gram Rozgar Sewaks, that is the government’s task force will monitor the progress of the scheme. In Himachal Pradesh, 1 Bigha is 752.51 sq metres.
FAQs
What is a Bigha?
Bigha is a land measurement unit that is commonly used across northern India.
How many bigha in one acre?
One acre comprises of 1.62 bigha.
How many bigha in one hectare?
One hectare is equal to 4 bigha.
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