The Supreme Court on Tuesday made Chief Executive Officers (CEO) of telecom companies responsible for payment of adjusted gross revenue (AGR) dues, asking them to furnish personal guarantees within four weeks.

“The CEOs usually take instructions from the board and from the promoter--especially about such big-ticket payments. By making them responsible, it has increased risk for the CEOs,” said a Mumbai-based lawyer.

A former telecom company CEO said the Court judgement passes on the risk of personal guarantees to professional managers. Banks usually asks promoters to give personal guarantees for loans. The State Bank of India invoked personal guarantees given by Anil Ambani, chairman of Reliance Communications, and Atul Punj, chairman of Punj Lloyd, when they defaulted on loans.

“By making the CEOs liable for default instead of promoters, the SC has passed on the risk to the salaried professional managers,” said a lawyer.

The Supreme Court, in July, asked the Finance Ministry to respond to a representation seeking disciplinary action against public sector banks (PSBs) for not invoking personal guarantees of promoters and directors of firms defaulting in repayment of huge loans. After the court’s order, the finance ministry asked State Bank of India to collect data and give it an action-taken report.

Naresh Goyal, former promoter of Jet Airways; Arvind Dham, former promoter of Amtek Auto, and Sanjay Singal, former promoter of Bhushan Power and Steel, are among business leaders who gave personal guarantees to avail loans for their businesses. Fugitive businessman Vijay Mallya, too, gavve his personal guarantee for his now-collapsed Kingfisher Airlines. Promoters of Jaypee, Alok Industries, Lanco and Bhushan Steel had also given personal guarantees.

When a personal guarantee is invoked, the personal assets of the guarantor are auctioned to pay for loan default.

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) was amended last November to include personal guarantees of promoters to quicken the recovery process. On an average, banks are recovering only 45 per cent of their dues from the bankrupt companies.

Analysts said banks, after the Supreme Court’s prodding, were forced to take action against borrowers, especially in cases which have been referred to the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) before the corona pandemic led to a nationwide lockdown.

"After today's SC order, it has just added more confusion in the industry," said a lawyer.