Amidst the growing coronavirus cases worldwide, the work of finding his vaccine is also going on fast. But till now, 100% success has not been achieved. Recently, Oxford University experts have raised a ray of hope from the vaccine. However, to get rid of Corona, we will have to wait a little more.

Work is being done to develop the vaccine worldwide. Trials of human trials have also started in India. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as of Wednesday, over 165 vaccines are in operation within all countries. However, only one vaccine has been recognized for limited use.

Key Steps to Vaccine Making

Investigation: It is done to find out how the virus affects the cells. Then it is seen whether the same virus protein can be used to enhance the immune system or not? Antigens are then identified and made into antibodies.

Pre-clinical: Ensure that the vaccine is safe before testing on humans. They are first tested on animals. It gets progressed only after getting success here.

Clinical trial: Under this, testing is done on humans. It also has three stages.

The first phase tests on 20–100 healthy people aged 18–55 years. It is seen whether immunity is being formed.

In the second phase, more than 100 humans are tried. Children and the elderly are also included in this phase so that the effect can be detected.

In the third phase, the drug is trialed on hundreds of people. The success of the vaccine is declared only if everything remains true.

How to get recognition

If the third stage is successful, the approval of the government is required to make the vaccine. For this, all steps have to be submitted with data and results reports. Only then it is decided to give approval. Once approved, the production of the drug or vaccine begins.

Whether the vaccine belongs to any country, the other country has the right to get it tested again.

Sometimes other countries also approve directly based on the results of the drug or vaccine.

Getting a drug approved is the most difficult thing in America. The US agency Food and Drugs Administration FDA is the strictest in this case.

How many vaccines are currently in which stage

The vaccine has to go through several stages before it comes to market. Scientists have been engaged in this endeavor for the last several months.

So far 142 vaccines are at the pre-clinical level. This means that it is yet to be tried on humans.

There are 19 vaccines that are in the first phase of the trial. Regarding these vaccines, it is being investigated how safe it is and how many doses should be given.

So far 13 vaccines have reached the second stage. Their trial has been started in a safe manner.

So far, there are only four vaccines that have reached the third stage. Meaning their testing is now being done on a large group.

There is only one vaccine that is allowed for limited use.

How far is the corona vaccine from us now

Russia's Sechinov University claims that the vaccine will arrive by September.

America's Moderna claims that the vaccine will be available in the market by the end of this year.

According to the European Medicines Agency, his vaccine will be ready by early next year.

Zydus Cadila vaccine is expected in early 2021.