In a recent study, researchers have found a possible treatment using fungi that may someday lead to better cavity prevention measures and treatments in children. For years, the dental community has known that tooth decay occurs when the good and bad bacteria in our mouth become imbalanced and forms a biofilm (aka plaque). The biofilm absorbs the sugars we eat and the bacteria catabolize those sugars, turning them into acid, which decalcifies the teeth and causes cavities. The research team identified 139 species of fungus that live in human dental plaque, and of those, nine were strongly associated with dental health--in other words, they could be contributing to keeping teeth healthy.