A game called

possibilitics

As in 2014, there is an animated buzz on alliances, pre- and post-poll, ahead of the Lok Sabha election.Then, a Narendra Modi wave flattened rivals, making alliances largely irrelevant. This time the opposition hopes a united front, with alliances in UP and Karnataka, will change the game. Prime Minister Modi remains BJP’s poll mascot and chief vote-getter. His advantage as an “outsider” might have declined, but he tops popularity ratings and frames the election. Varying predictions from a hung House to a near majority for BJP make numbers a guessing game, casting regional leaders in key roles
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Interactive by Info Design Lab, IIT Bombay

POLL SCENARIOS

250+ seats

The Pulwama attack appears to have shifted the narrative from unemployment and farm distress and boosted Modi’s image as a ‘strong leader’. It could push BJP’s tally to within sniffing distance of a majority, and along with the support of allies, see him return for a second term

220-230

Ahead of 2014, there was a “160 club” inside BJP and outside as well, which believed that Modi’s lack of “acceptability” will mean a compromise choice for PM. This has now been replaced by a “220 club” that similarly feels current and would-be allies will seek Modi’s replacement. But BJP may well insist that Modi be PM or choose to sit in opposition

160-180

BJP may still look to lead the government with allies but the task becomes steeper. Regional parties willing to join the central government will seek a hard bargain. The number of “free radicals” will be limited to parties like BJD, TRS, YSRCP. Some currently aligned against BJP may change sides, but these are not many. A third-front-type arrangement may look more probable

140-160

This number will mean Congress and other opposition parties have made significant gains. A low BJP number could set the stage for a Congress-led government. This result will almost certainly mean BJP sits in the opposition. It will still command numbers that are likely to be more than Congress. A large block of regional parties and Congress will, however, favour proponents of an anti-BJP coalition

BJP LS SEATS IN 2014: 282

ALLIANCE PARTNERS IN 2019

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R Ramadoss
PMK Tamil Nadu
The PMK chose to be in the AIADMK-BJP camp. The party has been in UPA and NDA and its clout among Vanniyars in north Tamil Nadu makes it a valuable partner. The party is seen as ideologically neutral and can change preferences if the NDA fails to make it
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Nitish Kumar
JD(U) Bihar
The Bihar CM ditched Lalu Prasad and patched up with BJP in a spectacular switch in mid-2017. But after that his renewed ties with BJP have been uneven, despite the parties sealing a seat pact for LS polls. He might see himself as a “dark horse” in case BJP falls well short of a majority
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Ram Vilas Paswan
LJP Bihar
He is firmly in the NDA camp, having wrangled extra seats. He is unlikely to switch unless BJP is knocked out of the race. He has been part of United Front before and a realignment cannot be ruled out if he is needed by the opposition numbers game though this is not his first option
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Uddhav Thackeray
Shiv Sena Maharashtra
After targeting the Modi government and BJP despite being a ruling partner at the Centre and in Maharashtra, he has now made a U-turn and promised to show how thick an ally he can be. Worry about Sena’s prospects without BJP in LS and, more crucially for him, state polls (due later this year) means Uddhav has no option but to stick to his promise
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K Palaniswami
AIADMK Tamil Nadu
Without Jayalalithaa, AIADMK is adrift lacking a leader. Will hope that allying with BJP would counter anti-incumbency and give him a stake at the Centre. Alliance with PMK will boost its vote. Will not be part of UPA or federal front as long as sworn rival DMK is a part of the alliance
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Parkash Singh Badal
AKALI DAL Punjab
BJP’s oldest ally is still struggling to quell the anger of its core voter base — the Sikhs — that drove it out of power in 2017. The three-day penance in December for ‘inadvertent mistakes’ did not help much. Sukhbir Singh Badal faced rebellion and dissidents formed SAD Taksali. But SAD remains a firm NDA ally

WITH NDA, BUT CAN SWITCH

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Anupriya Patel
APNA DAL Uttar Pradesh
Apna Dal is bargaining hard, sensing that the tough challenge posed by the SP-BSP combine will enable the Kurmi party wrest a seat or two more from BJP. Ambitious and confident, Patel and husband Ashish Singh are in touch with Congress too while BJP has reached out to her estranged mother Krishna Patel

POLL SCENARIOS

150+ seats

This looks a far cry at present and will need Congress to get the better of BJP in big states like Rajasthan, MP, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Karnataka and Gujarat where the two parties are face to face. This result will mean Rahul Gandhi could lead a non-NDA coalition

110-130

Congress will still be the largest non- BJP party by far and can still stake claim to leading a coalition government. This will be resisted by big regional players like TMC, SP and BSP, but other parties like Left, TDP, RJD, NC and DMK will support Rahul as PM

75-100

This is thin ice as far as the leadership stakes go. This number may well mean a decisive lead for BJP and that may put Congress out of play. Even otherwise, a pre- or post-poll grouping of regional parties may insist on their own candidate though consensus on this is not easy

CONG LS SEATS IN 2014: 44

ALLIANCE PARTNERS IN 2019

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MK Stalin
DMK Tamil Nadu
The new leader is firmly in command and has moved to seal alliance with Congress. He has won the family power struggle and has taken a strong anti-BJP line, opposing the new 10% quota. DMK has been part of NDA before but will prefer a federal front/Cong regime
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Vaiko
MDMK Tamil Nadu
A declining force, the Tamil leader has patched up with DMK. Ironically, he had broken with Karunanidhi over nepotism and now finds himself in Stalin’s company. He is unlikely to switch to the Modi camp despite having been part of NDA earlier
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Omar Abdullah
NC Jammu & Kashmir
The National Conference is strongly aligned against BJP with the saffron party pushing a hard line in Jammu and Kashmir. Can be part of a federal front/Cong-led govt. NC’s primary goal is to get the better of rival PDP in the valley and ensure it is frontrunner in the J&K assembly polls
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Lalu Prasad
RJD Bihar
Being in jail seriously handicaps this intrepid politician. He cannot be part of NDA and will work for a Cong-led government with federal front as second choice. He needs to have clout at the Centre to help address cases filed against him and his family by CBI and enforcement directorate
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H D Kumarasamy
JD(S) Karnataka
The “helpless” CM of Karnataka has had the better of ally Congress and BJP. He has driven a hard seat-sharing bargain with Congress to cement his position, which could be threatened by a BJP win. If a Cong-led alliance cannot form govt, he’s likely to go with a federal front
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Sharad Pawar
NCP Maharashtra
The Maratha warhorse has announced he will not contest the LS polls. While he partners Congress in Maharashtra, he may see a larger role on the national stage if Congress slips

POLL SCENARIOS

200-220 seats

This would be the best possible scenario for a federal/third front government. Though many regional parties are outside discussions for such a front, some of them can join a federal front. The tough task for such a group will be choosing a leader

150-170 seats

This will still be an excellent result that pegs back BJP and Congress numbers. Proponents of a federal front can still bargain for a leader from their ranks with anyone who wins a big clutch of seats – Mamata, Akhilesh, Mayawati – in the fray for PM

140-160 seats

Such a result can mean either BJP or Congress have done well. It will mean playing a supporting role in a coalition if Congress does well, sitting in opposition or mending fences with NDA in case BJP is need of partners. Being coalition partners of Congress is best option

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Mayawati
BSP Uttar Pradesh
Assiduously kept away from federal front and UPA meetings despite being anti-BJP. She is concentrating on UP where she hopes an alliance with SP will reverse BSP’s sinking fortunes. After a wipe-out in 2014 LS election and mere 19 seats in 2017 assembly, this is make or break. Has partnered BJP before
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Mamata Banerjee
TMC West Bengal
Nothing stirs the Trinamool leader more than the prospect of a street fight. She is looking to set the pace at the national level by promoting a federal front of regional parties while taking on a resurgent BJP at home. She is a prospective PM, looking to deny Congress leadership if possible
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Akhilesh Yadav
SP Uttar Pradesh
Like Mayawati, hopes to get back in the game in UP with the SP-BSP alliance. He will prefer a federal front arrangement and hope that numbers will give him a strong say at the Centre. Being part of a Cong-led government is a difficult choice as his main aim is to regain lost glory in UP
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Ajit Singh
RASHTRIYA LOK DAL Uttar Pradesh
The Jat leader is with the SP-BSP and is ranged against BJP which has wooed his community assiduously. Though not strongly ideological, he will not find it easy to ally with BJP. Was part of UPA II cabinet and can be part of a Congress-led government though his preference will be a federal front
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Chandrababu Naidu
TDP Andhra Pradesh
His alliance with BJP broke amid bitter recriminations. His attempt at a grand alliance in Telangana by befriending Congress failed. He is now battling to save home turf in AP where LS and assembly polls are simultaneous. He prefers federal front, can join UPA. BJP seems ruled out
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Prafulla Mahanta
AGP Assam
AGP’s alliance with BJP worked well for the regional party till it broke over the citizenship bill. Since BJP remains committed to the bill, he cannot return and BJP is not too warm either. AGP will prefer a federal front regime given its anti-outsider stance that pits it against Congress

NON-ALIGNED, BUT WON’T BACK BJP

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Sitaram Yechury
CPM
CPM is keen to see itself as a key organiser of opposition unity. But it cannot support a national level front given its electoral contest with Congress in Kerala. So while it is likely to ally with Congress in West Bengal, it is unwilling to be part of a formal alliance that has Trinamool as part of it as well
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Mehbooba Mufti
PDP Jammu & Kashmir
PDP suffered a body blow when BJP broke ties and ended the coalition government in Jammu and Kashmir in June 2018. Catering to its Valley base, PDP has sought to regain its soft separatist base but has been hit by desertions. Will not ally with BJP, will not share space with NC
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Arvind Kejriwal
AAP Delhi
AAP says it tried to enter a pre-poll pact with Congress but was rebuffed. It has announced six of seven candidates in Delhi, but has kept the door open for further negotiations. He prefers a federal front but may not be averse to joining or backing UPA. He won’t have any truck with BJP

NON-ALIGNED, CAN GO EITHER WAY

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K Chandrashekhar Rao
TRS Telangana
He gambled on advancing the Telangana assembly poll and won. He is well placed to cement his supremacy in the state’s 17 LS constituencies and like BJD, is not part of any opposition alliance. He can be open to doing business with either NDA, UPA or federal front, driving a hard bargain for his state
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Naveen Patnaik
BJD Odisha
The most enigmatic of regional leaders, he has kept away from opposition parleys even as BJP emerged as the second party in Odisha. He also faces simultaneous LS and assembly polls, and winning a record fifth term as CM is his priority. He can ally with both NDA or UPA, but will prefer to be neutral
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Jaganmohan Reddy
YSR CONG Andhra Pradesh
In the shade for much of the past five years, he has emerged strongly to take on TDP. He will not be in any front which has TDP. He may be comfortable with NDA post-poll as ties with Congress brass are strained. Yet, he can strike a deal with Congress if he gets his terms
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Om Prakash Chuatala
INLD Haryana
INLD, led by Om Prakash Chautala, has split with son Ajay Chautala forming his party (JJP) with sons Dushyant and Digvijay. The breakaway party debuted well in the Jind bypoll. Both factions are open to aligning with NDA while Congress is a less preferred choice