Was the Bandipur fire accidental or an act of sabotage? That is the question being raised in conservation circles and among officials, given the frequency with which fires have been spotted simultaneously in different ranges.
Though Bandipur has a history of forest fires as the dry deciduous forest tends to be bone dry during summer, they are usually confined to a specific range or division. But this year, a fire was first spotted at Kundugere and then at Melkahamanahalli, from where it spread to Gopalaswamy Betta. While there are no clues, the proliferation of lantana is reckoned to be one of the factors that led to intensive fire. This year, the Forest Department was apprehensive that the voluminous mass of lantana which covers almost 60% of the forest could provide additional fuel in case of a fire, and their fears have come true.
Also, heavy rains during monsoon and unseasonal ones during November helped in the luxurious growth of vegetation, all of which dry up during summer, providing ample fuel for the fire to rage. The authorities had anticipated such a scenario and deployed nearly 400 watchers. But it is reckoned to be inadequate for the national park, which is spread over 912 sq.km.
Sanjay Gubbi, a conservation biologist, said controlling fires needs a multi-pronged approach and prevention is the best solution. “An effective communication network, especially wireless systems, is of immense importance for early detection and control of forest fires. Similarly, employing staff as fire control watchers from villages and hamlets in and around the forests is crucial,” he added.
Mr. Gubbi said discussions with community leaders and meetings to enlist their support before the fire season is key as it can dissuade miscreants from the local community from any misadventure. Campaigning with civil society can help rope in local support to prevent or contain forest fires.