Questions Mount as Kenyan Hotel Siege Ends

More than a decade of military campaigns against al Qaeda-affiliated al-Shabaab have failed to quell militant group’s threat

A deadly 18-hour siege of an upscale Kenyan hotel by terrorist group al-Shabaab ended Wednesday morning. WSJ’s Gabriele Steinhauser explains what happened and why these Somali extremists have Nairobi in their crosshairs. Photo: Getty

NAIROBI, Kenya—Islamist militants’ deadly 18-hour siege of an upscale complex here jolts a key U.S. ally in the war on terrorism and raises questions over how the Somalia-based insurgents have survived more than a decade of international military campaigns.

On Tuesday afternoon, unmasked attackers carrying AK-47s and explosives shot their way into the 14 Riverside hotel and office complex in the capital—a favorite hangout for foreigners and upper-class Kenyans—detonated at least one suicide bomb and barricaded themselves in...