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The full story of Britain's elite Special Forces' operations in Italy during World War Two has been revealed in a new book.

In the summer of 1943, the Special Air Service came out of Africa to carry the fight to the Germans and Fascists in Sicily and on the mainland.

At the time, the originator of the SAS, Colonel David Stirling, was held in Italy's high-security Prisoner of War Camp Five at Gavi in Piedmont. But his work continued.

The idea of small groups of parachutists operating behind enemy lines to attack strategic targets and to obtain intelligence was realised in the daring missions carried out in Italy by the men of the 2nd SAS Regiment and the Special Raiding Squadron.

Troops of the British 5th Infantry Division passing bomb-damaged buildings in Syracuse on the opening day of the invasion of Sicily, 10 July 1943, hours after the SAS had destroyed enemy coastal batteries in their landing zone

Lt-Col. David Stirling (left), creator of the SAS Regiment and Lt-Col. Robert Mayne (right), pictured in the desert near Kabrit as he commanded the regiment first in the North African campaign and later during the successful Allied invasion of Sicily

HMS Mauritius, which assisted the SAS landing at Augusta, Sicily, on 12 July 1943 in ashore bombardment role. The light cruiser is shown here ready for action off the Anzio beachhead in March 1944. The SAS supported the landings in January with operations to impede German reinforcements

In the first phase, they mounted island raids, took part in the invasion of the mainland, rescued escaped prisoners of war and supported the Anzio landings.

In the second phase, they helped to breach the Gothic Line and to secure the victory, this time in concert with the Italian Resistance.

The SAS carried out over twenty operations in wartime Italy and they are all covered in Anglo-Italian historian Malcolm Tudor's new book, SAS in Italy: 1943-1945, published by Fonthill Media.

'It was during this time-the last two years of the Second World War-that the SAS exploded on to the Italian scene,' he writes in the book's introduction.

'The 2nd SAS Regiment was responsible for a majority of the operations, while the Special Raiding Squadron (SRS) (temporarily replacing the 1st SAS Regiment) was also in action during Operation Husky, the capture of Sicily; Operation Baytown, the attack across the Straits of Messina; and Operation Devon, the capture of Termoli.

Members of 2nd SAS Regiment on parade for an inspection by Gen. Montgomery,following their successful participation in the capture of the port of Termoli during Operation Devon, which saw SAS troops assist an amphibious landing from the Commandos

Interior view of the Douglas C-47 Skytrain used to drop SAS troops behind enemy lines to prepare for attacks from the rest of the infantry. The idea of small groups of parachutists operating behind enemy lines to attack strategic targets and to obtain intelligence was realised in the daring missions carried out in Italy by the men of the 2nd SAS Regiment

'These operations are shown with their actual landing areas, which were not always those intended by military planners located in North Africa or in southern Italy.

'In July 1944, the Allied Force Headquarters (AFHQ) for the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations, which planned and directed ground, naval, and air operations, moved forward from Algiers to the Royal Palace of the Bourbons at Caserta, 19 miles from Naples in Campania.

'The story of the SAS in Italy has remained largely unknown and it is a pleasure to shed light on what many members of the Regiment called the 'Italian Job', well before the film of the same name.

'The accounts are woven through with the ethos of the SAS as we have come to know it since the Regiment's birth in North Africa, but they also show how the men responded successfully to the different conditions they found in Italy, which helped to ensure final victory.' 

Lt-Col. Miles Dempsey (left), Commander of XIII Corps, in Sicily in July 1943. He related that he was originally only lent the Special Raiding Squadron (SRS) for the attack on the guns of Cape Murro di Porco, after which it was to have returned to the Middle East, but then went on to carry out three more successful operations in Italy

Two USAAF Douglas C-47 Skytrains, the preferred transport of the SAS and other parachutists in Italy. The planes were used to carry out dozens of raiding missions which paved the way for successful amphibious assaults and disrupted German defensive efforts

The Special Air Service (SAS) is a Special Forces unit of the British Army. The SAS was founded in 1941 as a regiment, and later reconstituted as a corps in 1950.

The unit undertakes a number of roles including covert reconnaissance, counter-terrorism, direct action and hostage rescue.

Much of the information and actions regarding the SAS are highly classified, and is not commented on by the British government or the Ministry of Defence due to the sensitivity of their operations.

The SAS was formed in July 1941 by David Stirling and originally called 'L' Detachment, Special Air Service Brigade-the 'L' designation and Air Service name being a tie-in to a British disinformation campaign, trying to deceive the Axis into thinking there was a paratrooper regiment with numerous units operating in the area (the real SAS would 'prove' to the Axis that the fake one existed).

It was conceived as a commando force to operate behind enemy lines in the North African Campaign and initially consisted of five officers and 60 other ranks. 

German Field Marshal Albert Kesselring (centre), Commander of Army Group inspecting troops in the Appenines in 1944. Kesselring was responsible for conducting the German defense of Italy after the Eighth Army moved into the country along with their American allies

HMS Safari (P211), the famous submarine that carried the SAS raiders to and from Sardinia during Operation Marigold in May 1943. Safari spent most of World War II in the Mediterranean Sea where she was highly successful, sinking 36,259 tons of shipping