Treasurer Josh Frydenberg said after market hours on Wednesday that his preliminary view was that the takeover was against the national interest because it would create a concentration of foreign ownership in the sector.
Frydenbeg said the move was not a reflection on CK Infrastructure Holdings Ltd, part of the empire founded by Hong Kong tycoon Li Ka-shing. Analysts said the move appeared to be partly aimed at preventing Chinese ownership of a strategic asset.
"I don't think its just the China element, but a combination of important assets, concentration of ownership and China," said Morningstar analyst Adrian Atkins.
"I think the Chinese element maybe had a bit more of an impact than the treasurer's letting on ... it'd probably be unpopular with the electorate to have a major asset go to a Chinese firm," he said.
The rebuff is likely to test an already strained relationship between Australia and its largest trading partner, just as Australia's foreign minister makes a delayed visit to Beijing.
Earlier this year, Australia banned China's Huawei Technologies Co Ltd from supplying equipment for a 5G mobile network citing national security risks, while Canberra last year accused Beijing of meddling in domestic affairs.
APA Group shares, which had never traded at the A$11 offer price, fell back to pre-bid levels at A$8.48, an almost five-month low, wiping A$1.2 billion off its market value. The broader market opened higher.
APA said it noted the treasurer's decision and would update shareholders in due course. CK Infrastructure said in a statement on Wednesday that it had noted the treasurer's comments.