By Jennifer Hughes
MSCI this year became the first index provider to force its passive fund followers into Shanghai and Shenzhen-listed stocks - a milestone in the opening up of Chinese markets to international capital. It was also a highly contentious move due to investor concerns about Chinese corporate governance and market practices.
The growing financial might of mainland firms is hard to ignore. Shanghai and Shenzhen-listed A-share companies are worth a combined $7.1 trillion in market capitalisation - and together can be considered the world's second-largest equity market after the United States.
In MSCI's flagship emerging markets index, Chinese A-shares only account for 0.78 percent - part of a gradual, phased inclusion to avoid sudden market moves. Asked whether FTSE Russell's A-share weighting could be bigger, CEO Mark Makepeace said: "I think that's a possibility."
"We'll only do it if we have the support of the big investors," he said in an interview, adding the firm was still consulting with investors and other stakeholders.
The FTSE emerging markets index currently has a slightly higher total proportion of Chinese stocks - mainly those listed in Hong Kong and New York - at 32.2 percent versus MSCI's 31.2 percent.
The growing popularity of passive funds which track indices has made index providers powerful arbiters of market trends. Trillions of dollars are benchmarked against MSCI and FTSE Russell indices.
FTSE Russell estimates that about 40 percent of passive funds tracking global indices and global emerging market indices follow its benchmarks and the rest follow MSCI. MSCI did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
FOREIGN INVESTMENT PUSH
Makepeace's comments follow an announcement this week by the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) that attracting inflows to China was among its priorities.
The commission said it would "actively support the inclusion of A-shares in the FTSE Russell international index and raising the proportion of A-shares in the MSCI index."
China has recently made a raft of decisions giving foreigners greater access to its markets. These include the easing of foreign investment curbs in the banking, auto and resources sectors.
In June, Beijing lifted a monthly cap on foreign fund manager outflows which investors had frequently cited as a sticking point for their China interest.
Makepeace said investors expected foreign ownership of listed Chinese companies, currently limited to 30 percent, to rise at some point.
"I think the question for people like FTSE Russell and MSCI is not whether we include A-shares but it's how much. Over the next five to seven years we have to get to that foreign ownership limit - and that's only going to go up," he said.
But many international investors remain cool to mainland shares. Just under half of foreign investors polled by the Asian Corporate Governance Association thought MSCI's inclusion was wrong. Only 27 percent were in favour while the rest said they had a neutral stance.
The survey reported that 59 percent of investors felt they did not understand corporate governance in China, including practices around the roles and responsibilities of non-executive directors, supervisory boards and Communist Party committees.
The ease with which mainland-listed companies can suspend trading - leaving investments effectively frozen - is also an oft-cited concern, although mainland regulators have been working to limit suspensions.
About a third of the Chinese market was suspended in this fashion during a 2015 market rout, scarring foreign investors unable to value their holdings accurately.
Makepeace said, however, however the next stage for China was for institutional investors to help shape corporate governance practices.
"Governance is going to follow international investors coming into this market. You're not going to get the engagement [with management] if you don't have the ownership," he said.
FTSE began including A-shares in 2015 but only via a parallel set of indices - one with A-shares, one without - that allowed investors to include the mainland if they chose. Its biggest fund manager client, Vanguard, began to transition to the new indices that year, but few other big investors followed.
There are nearly 1,900 companies listed on the main Shanghai and Shenzhen boards, ranging from China's giant state-owned banks to piano makers.
Both MSCI and FTSE weight their indices by companies' market capitalisation. The A-share firms given the largest weighting by MSCI include Shanghai Electric Group, Zhangzhou Pientzehuang Pharmaceutical Ltd and HLA Corp.
(Reporting by Jennifer Hughes; Additional reporting by Andrew Galbraith and Luoyan Liu in Shanghai; Editing by Edwina Gibbs)
(This story has not been edited by Business Standard staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)