Explained: The difference between censure motion and no-confidence motion

In a parliamentary system a no-confidence motion is a statement or vote that the government is no longer deemed fit to remain in office while a censure motion carries no such threat.

A no-confidence motion demonstrates to the head of state that the elected Parliament no longer has confidence in the government.

In India, the Council of Ministers is collectively responsible to Lok Sabha and it remains in office till it enjoys confidence of majority of the members in the Lok Sabha.

Thus, a motion of no-confidence is moved to remove the council of ministers and oust the government from office.

According to procedures, a no-confidence motion can be moved only in Lok Sabha (or state assembly as the case may be). It is not allowed in Rajya Sabha (or state legislative council).

It is moved against the entire Council of Ministers and not individual ministers or private members.

As per Rule 198 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Lok Sabha, any member of the house can move a no-confidence motion. The written notice of the motion has to be given to the secretary general of the House by 10 am on any day of sitting of the House.

It needs support of at least 50 members when introduced in Lok Sabha. If the motion carries, the house debates and votes on the motion. If a majority of the members of the house vote in favour of the motion, the motion is passed and the Government is bound to vacate the office.

Censure Motion

A censure literally means expression of strong disapproval or harsh criticism. It can be a stern rebuke by a legislature, generally opposition against the policies of Government or an individual minister. However, it can also be passed to criticize, condemn some act. A censure motion can be moved in Lok Sabha or in a state assembly.

Both censure motion and no-confidence motion can be moved in Lok Sabha or lower house in states.

While censure motion can be moved against individual ministers or members, no-confidence motion is moved against the entire council of ministers.

There is no impact on the government when a censure motion is passed, but the council of ministers have to resign and government collapses when a no-confidence motion is passed.