By Elias Glenn and Christian Shepherd
The Trump administration's tariffs on $34 billion of Chinese imports are due to go into effect at 0401 GMT on Friday, which is just after midday in Beijing.
U.S. President Donald Trump has threatened to escalate the trade conflict with tariffs on as much as $450 billion worth of Chinese goods if China retaliates, with the row roiling financial markets including stocks, currencies and the global trade of commodities from soybeans to coal.
China has said it will not "fire the first shot", but its customs agency made clear on Thursday that Chinese tariffs on U.S. goods would take effect immediately after U.S. duties on Chinese goods kick in.
Speaking at a weekly news conference, Commerce Ministry spokesman Gao Feng warned the proposed U.S. tariffs would hit international supply chains, including foreign companies in the world's second-largest economy.
"If the U.S. implements tariffs, they will actually be adding tariffs on companies from all countries, including Chinese and U.S. companies," Gao said.
"U.S. measures are essentially attacking global supply and value chains. To put it simply, the U.S. is opening fire on the entire world, including itself," he said.
"China will not bow down in the face of threats and blackmail and will not falter from its determination to defend free trade and the multilateral system."
Asked whether U.S. companies would be targeted with "qualitative measures" in China in a trade war, Gao said the government would protect the legal rights of all foreign companies in the country.
"We will continue to assess the potential impact of the U.S.-initiated trade war on companies and will help companies mitigate possible shocks."
Gao said China's foreign trade was expected to continue on a stable path in the second half of the year, though investors fear a full-blown Sino-U.S. trade war would deal a body blow to Chinese exports and its economy.
Foreign companies accounted for $20 billion, or 59 percent, of the $34 billion of exports from China that will be subject to new U.S. tariffs, with U.S. firms accounting for a significant part of that 59 percent, Gao said.
Speaking at a separate briefing, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu Kang sidestepped a question on whether there had been efforts to initiate new talks with the United States.
"We of course don't want to fight a trade war, but if any country's legitimate interests are harmed, then of course that country has the right to firmly protect their own interests," Lu said.
However, Guo Shuqing, head of China's banking and insurance regulator, said in a statement that the trade war would not affect China's own reforms and opening up, and that it was confident going forward.
"In the past 40 years, the development of China's society and economy has encountered many difficulties and problems, but as long as we uphold the leadership of the Communist Party and reform and opening up, we can surmount all challenges," Guo said in a statement.
"The progress of China's economy cannot be reversed by any force."
China's plans to impose tariffs on hundreds of U.S. goods targets some top U.S. exports, including soybeans, sorghum and cotton, threatening U.S farmers in states that backed Trump, such as Texas and Iowa.
Chinese buying of soybeans has already ground almost to a halt ahead of the duties.
In the latest sign that the risk of penalties is hitting trade, a vessel carrying U.S. coal and heading for China was diverted on Wednesday to Singapore.
U.S. carmaker Ford Motor Co said on Thursday it has no plans currently to hike retail prices of its imported Ford and Lincoln models in China, despite steep additional tariffs on imported U.S. vehicles set to come into play on Friday.
Ford said it encouraged Washington and Beijing to resolve their issues over trade and that it would "continue to monitor the situation as it evolves".
GLOBAL RISKS
The World Trade Organization warned on Wednesday that trade barriers being erected by major economies could jeopardise the global economic recovery, with their effects already starting to show.
Adding to the tensions, a Chinese court this week temporarily barred Micron Technology Inc from selling its main semiconductor products in the world's biggest memory chip market, citing violation of patents held by Taiwan's United Microelectronics Corp (UMC).
Beijing has made the semiconductor sector a key priority under its "Made in China 2025" strategy, which has shifted up a gear after a U.S. ban on sales to Chinese phone maker ZTE Corp underscored China's lack of domestic chips.
Chinese stocks slipped on Thursday and the yuan steadied from earlier losses as a targeted cut of reserve requirements for banks took effect amid the heightened trade tensions.
China's central bank moved to calm jittery markets on Tuesday after the yuan hit its lowest level in almost a year.
LITTLE HOPE
Both Chinese and U.S. business sources in China said there appeared to be little hope that the tariffs could be averted.
"I'm afraid not, for now," said Tu Xinquan, a trade expert at Beijing's University of International Business and Economics, who has advised the Chinese government.
A U.S. industry source said: "There is a 99 percent chance that tariffs go into force on Friday."
"Frankly, I don't know what action China could take at the moment that would allow the U.S. to not impose tariffs," the U.S. source said, adding that there was no evidence the two governments had any substantive engagement at the moment that could lead to the shelving of duties.
A senior Western diplomat told Reuters that there was no sign of any talks at the moment between the two countries, even via back channels.
The industry source said China had been unable to address the Trump administration's concerns about Chinese trade policies in at least five key areas, including forced technology transfers, Chinese industrial overcapacity, government subsidies, SOE reform, and Beijing's restrictions in the cloud computing industry.
(Reporting by Elias Glenn and Christian Shepherd; Additional reporting by Ben Blanchard, Stella Qiu and Michael Martina; Editing by Robert Birsel and Shri Navaratnam)
(This story has not been edited by Business Standard staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)