ROME (AP) — The economist who tried to form an Italian government amid political gridlock said Friday he's "truly worried" that the costly measures on the new populist leaders' agenda will further swell Italy's national debt and trigger a negative reaction by the financial markets.

Carlo Cottarelli told reporters in Rome that a policy of increasing the public debt, as proposed by new Premier Giuseppe Conte, is "something that will leave Italy exposed to speculation" by the markets.

Conte's week-old government, forged between the right-wing League party and the euroskeptic 5-Star Movement, is insisting that, if necessary, it will press the European Union to loosen regulations so that escalated spending won't by stymied by EU rules.

Italy is one of the 19 nations using the shared euro currency.

Luigi Di Maio, the leader of the 5-Stars, has promised to give those who are jobless or have low incomes or pensions a guaranteed monthly minimum income of 780 euros ($918). League leader Matteo Salvini wants to drastically lower tax rates by enacting a flat-tax system. Both want to undo pension reforms that have raised Italy's retirement age.

But the leaders haven't said where they'd get the funds to pay for all these measures.

Cottarelli said there were already signs that markets were skeptical about Conte's ability to keep Italy's public spending under control.

He noted that on Thursday, Greek short-term bonds were offering a lower yield than Italy's, an indication investors thought Italy's bonds were riskier than those of Greece, an EU country trying to emerge from years of a devastating financial crisis.

The Conte government's problem "isn't EU regulations" limiting Italy's maneuvering room, Cottarelli told the reporters.

"The problem is the reaction of the markets," he said.

An expert in trimming public spending and a former International Monetary Fund official, Cottarelli added: "Europe has been accommodating enough. It's the markets that aren't accommodating" to runaway government spending.

Last month, after weeks of political impasse following March's inconclusive national election, President Sergio Mattarella asked Cottarelli to quickly assemble a "technical" government with a non-political Cabinet to guide Italy until it held an early election. But the specter of a looming new election spooked the financial markets and Cottarelli stepped aside.

A short-term technical government "wouldn't have been able to fight off speculative attacks," he said, adding that Italy's next election "would have revolved around the euro" and whether it might leave the single-currency group.