MADRID—Spain’s main opposition party called a parliamentary vote in an effort to oust Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy from office, after a court ruled that the premier’s party benefited financially from an illegal kickback scheme during the country’s property boom.
The confidence vote, filed by the center-left Socialist Party and supported by the far-left Podemos, adds to mounting political pressure that is weakening Mr. Rajoy’s minority government. On Thursday, a court handed dozens of former members of the premier’s center-right...