Japanese Workers Call It Quits on a Firm Tradition: The Job for Life

With the economy improving, the number of people who change jobs has been rising as workers are lured by higher salaries and fewer hours

TOKYO—The Japanese practice of lifetime employment at larger companies survived more than two decades of economic stagnation. Now the system is confronting one of its biggest trials: a tight job market.

More people are switching jobs, often with the lure of a higher salary or fewer hours.

“I used to have the Japanese way of thinking that...