Elections were held to four Rajya Sabha seats in Karnataka. A candidate needs 44 votes to make it through.
The Congress had fielded three candidates, but had enough votes to win two candidates - spokesperson L Hanumanthaiah and Naseer Hussain. With 32 extra votes - and the help of independents and seven rebel lawmakers from the JD(S) - the party took a shot at the third seat, fielding GC Chandrashekhar.
The BJP had enough to send one candidate, businessman Rajeev Chandrashekar, an Independent Rajya Sabha member who recently joined the party.
Mr Kumaraswamy's party, which only has 30 members in the 224-member assembly, had fielded BM Farooq.
The former chief minister's sharp protests through the day are being seen in context of the assembly elections to be held in early May.
Mr Kumaraswamy said Revenue Minister Kagodu Thimmappa and another lawmaker "wanted to vote against Congress for their conscience". But when the Congress counting agent, who had to be shown the ballot paper by party lawmakers, saw they had not voted for him, they were persuaded to get a new ballot paper and vote afresh, Mr Kumaraswamy said.
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"The Returning Officer colluded with the government... We protest this and want the Election Commission to countermand the election process," Mr Kumaraswamy told reporters.The Congress, however, said the two lawmakers had made a mistake and so asked for another ballot paper.