Analysts have been trying to work out the impact of the proposed US tariffs on steel and aluminium. Here's UBS on the aim of the tariffs and on the potential impact on Rio Tinto, Alumina and South32:
While the US imports around 90 per cent of its aluminium, there is a view that this measure will not incentivise large smelter restarts in the US in the near term because of (a) uncertainty regarding the duration of this policy, and (b) the high cost of enabling smelter restarts.
It seems this tariff is largely intended to cap imports. Our US economics team estimates the tariffs would only reduce the level of imports to about US$20bn, a level greater than annual imports in any year except 2017.
We think it unlikely that there will be much impact to RIO's EBITDA given it appears this tariff is to cap imports rather than reduce them.
Generally South32 sends no more than 10 per cent of its current product to the US. This percentage can vary slightly depending on regional premium and where it will place its spot product. We see minimal impact to S32.
AWC's Portland aluminium production is at breakeven. All product goes to Japan, so it should be safe from impact. Naturally there is always a risk that displaced US aluminium could adversely impact ex-US aluminium.