IOC defends decision to ban CAS cleared Russian athletes from 2018 Winter Olympics

Evidence against Russian athletes was strong enough to merit sanctions despite its rejection by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), the head of an International Olympic Committee (IOC) probe into doping at the 2014 Sochi Games said on Tuesday.

The CAS said last week that there was "insufficient evidence" of anti-doping violations against 28 Russian athletes banned for life by the IOC as part of its investigation into doping at the Winter Olympics four years ago.

"For 28 cases, the appeal was accepted and our decision annulled," IOC member Denis Oswald, who led the commission, told an IOC session in Pyeongchong on Tuesday.

"It was a shock as we felt the evidence we presented was strong enough to justify the sanctions we had taken," he added. "I have difficulty explaining it because I don't understand it myself."

The IOC has banned Russia from the Pyeongchang Winter Olympics starting later this week over "systematic manipulation" of the anti-doping system in Sochi but 169 athletes with no history of doping have been invited to compete as neutrals.

Oswald said CAS arbitrators had applied criminal standards of proof that made it far more complicated to prove wrongdoing. The IOC is considering whether to appeal the CAS decision at the Swiss Federal Tribunal.

"They applied criminal standards where the first doubt you have does not allow you to sanction," he said.

After the CAS decision, Russia's Olympic Committee requested that 13 active athletes and two, who had become coaches, should be allowed to participate in the Feb. 9-25 Games but the IOC has refused to extend invitations to them.

On Monday, CAS President John Coates said it had taken note of IOC chief Thomas Bach's concerns and they would be examined.

"Athletes are entitled to have confidence in judicial processes at all levels, more particularly before the CAS," Coates said in a statement.

"The reasoned decisions in high profile cases are critically important. The Panels in the cases of the 39 Russian athletes are working on them, and we look forward to their publication as soon as possible," he added.

"CAS will continue to evolve to ensure consistency and quality of jurisprudence."

RUSSIAN ATHLETES APPEAL AGAINST BAN

Thirty-two Russian athletes appealed their Pyeongchang Olympics exclusion by the International Olympic Committee over a doping scandal in their country, the Court of Arbitration for Sport said on Tuesday.

The IOC has invited only 169 carefully screened Russian athletes who will compete as independents after the nation was banned over the Sochi 2014 doping scandal from the Games starting this week.