Washington (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 23:33
S&P pushes Brazil credit rating further into junk to BB-
Paris (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 23:05
All jewels stolen from Paris's Ritz hotel recovered: source
Paris (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 22:14
Macron tells Trump it's important to respect Iran nuclear deal
New York (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 22:06
US stocks finish at all-time highs
Yangon (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 20:18
Shallow 6.0-magnitude earthquake hits Myanmar: USGS
Quito (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 17:39
Ecuador grants citizenship to WikiLeaks founder Assange
Nablus (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 17:07
Palestinian killed by Israeli army in West Bank clashes: officials
Gaza City (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 16:27
Palestinian shot dead in Israel-Gaza border clashes: health ministry
Washington (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 15:12
US task force to probe Hezbollah 'narcoterror'
Washington (United States) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 14:40
US wholesale prices slip in December, 1st drop in 16 months
Brussels (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 12:08
Iran nuclear deal criticised by Trump 'is working': EU's Mogherini
Frankfurt am Main (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 10:11
German economy grew 2.2% in 2017: official data
Berlin (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 09:54
'Big obstacles' still in way of Germany coalition deal: Merkel
Brussels (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 09:26
Luxembourg court overturns sentence against Luxleaks whistleblower
Jerusalem (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 08:53
Israel approves more than 1,100 new West Bank settlement homes: NGO
Beijing (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 05:39
China denies report it could halt US bond purchases
New York (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 22:06
US stocks finish lower, ending streak of records
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 21:50
Trump says US could 'conceivably' return to Paris climate deal
Paris (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 20:57
Jewels worth millions of euros stolen in Paris Ritz armed robbery: police
Quito (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 18:35
Colombia rebels call for talks after government suspends peace deal
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 17:44
Trump open to talks between US and N. Korea
Bogota (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 15:52
Colombia president suspends ceasefire talks over rebel attacks
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 15:35
Trump calls US court system 'unfair' after 'Dreamers' ruling
Berlin (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 14:49
French finance minister urges 'more investments' from Germany
Yangon (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 14:43
Myanmar security forces took part in killing 10 Rohingya: army
Beijing (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 07:50
China orders 184 Airbus A320 planes: France
Yangon (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 05:45
Myanmar police charge Reuters reporters under Official Secrets Act
San Francisco (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 05:43
US judge blocks Trump move rescinding immigrant program
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 04:23
Magnitude 7.6 earthquake strikes off Honduras coast: USGS
Tripoli (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 00:43
Scores of migrants missing in Mediterranean: Libyan Navy
New York (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:19
Bannon steps down from Breitbart News
New York (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:06
Dow, S&P 500, Nasdaq end at records, extending rally
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:01
World Bank upgrades global growth forecasts as recovery strengthens
Jerusalem (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 21:16
Israeli shot near West Bank settlement dies of wounds: army
Johannesburg (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 19:53
S.Africa's graft-tainted Zuma announces anti-corruption probe
Beirut (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 19:45
Ten children among 24 dead in attacks on Syria's Ghouta: new toll
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 18:50
Trump 'likes' Oprah, but doubts she'll run for president
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 18:21
Trump to attend Davos economic forum: W.House
Quito (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 17:54
Ecuador seeks mediator to resolve 'untenable' Assange standoff: minister
Quito (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 16:51
ELN rebels say Colombia ceasefire to end, but can be extended
Lagos (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 15:54
Death toll from Nigeria communal violence reaches 80
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 13:18
Two Koreas agree to hold military talks to defuse tension: Seoul
Warsaw (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 12:27
Polish PM sacks defence, foreign ministers in reshuffle
Gaza City (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 11:53
Senior Hamas figure shot in Gaza, in critical condition: medical source
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 10:17
Koreas agree to restore military hotline: Seoul official
Damascus (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 08:14
Israeli air strikes, rockets hit Syria: Syrian army
Seoul (South Korea) (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 05:25
South Korea proposes family reunions in talks with North
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 02:59
N. Korea chief delegate seeks 'precious' results from talks
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 02:19
North and South Korea begin talks

Washington (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 23:33
S&P pushes Brazil credit rating further into junk to BB-
Paris (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 23:05
All jewels stolen from Paris's Ritz hotel recovered: source
Paris (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 22:14
Macron tells Trump it's important to respect Iran nuclear deal
New York (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 22:06
US stocks finish at all-time highs
Yangon (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 20:18
Shallow 6.0-magnitude earthquake hits Myanmar: USGS
Quito (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 17:39
Ecuador grants citizenship to WikiLeaks founder Assange
Nablus (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 17:07
Palestinian killed by Israeli army in West Bank clashes: officials
Gaza City (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 16:27
Palestinian shot dead in Israel-Gaza border clashes: health ministry
Washington (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 15:12
US task force to probe Hezbollah 'narcoterror'
Washington (United States) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 14:40
US wholesale prices slip in December, 1st drop in 16 months
Brussels (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 12:08
Iran nuclear deal criticised by Trump 'is working': EU's Mogherini
Frankfurt am Main (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 10:11
German economy grew 2.2% in 2017: official data
Berlin (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 09:54
'Big obstacles' still in way of Germany coalition deal: Merkel
Brussels (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 09:26
Luxembourg court overturns sentence against Luxleaks whistleblower
Jerusalem (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 08:53
Israel approves more than 1,100 new West Bank settlement homes: NGO
Beijing (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 05:39
China denies report it could halt US bond purchases
New York (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 22:06
US stocks finish lower, ending streak of records
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 21:50
Trump says US could 'conceivably' return to Paris climate deal
Paris (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 20:57
Jewels worth millions of euros stolen in Paris Ritz armed robbery: police
Quito (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 18:35
Colombia rebels call for talks after government suspends peace deal
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 17:44
Trump open to talks between US and N. Korea
Bogota (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 15:52
Colombia president suspends ceasefire talks over rebel attacks
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 15:35
Trump calls US court system 'unfair' after 'Dreamers' ruling
Berlin (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 14:49
French finance minister urges 'more investments' from Germany
Yangon (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 14:43
Myanmar security forces took part in killing 10 Rohingya: army
Beijing (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 07:50
China orders 184 Airbus A320 planes: France
Yangon (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 05:45
Myanmar police charge Reuters reporters under Official Secrets Act
San Francisco (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 05:43
US judge blocks Trump move rescinding immigrant program
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 04:23
Magnitude 7.6 earthquake strikes off Honduras coast: USGS
Tripoli (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 00:43
Scores of migrants missing in Mediterranean: Libyan Navy
New York (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:19
Bannon steps down from Breitbart News
New York (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:06
Dow, S&P 500, Nasdaq end at records, extending rally
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:01
World Bank upgrades global growth forecasts as recovery strengthens
Jerusalem (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 21:16
Israeli shot near West Bank settlement dies of wounds: army
Johannesburg (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 19:53
S.Africa's graft-tainted Zuma announces anti-corruption probe
Beirut (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 19:45
Ten children among 24 dead in attacks on Syria's Ghouta: new toll
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 18:50
Trump 'likes' Oprah, but doubts she'll run for president
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 18:21
Trump to attend Davos economic forum: W.House
Quito (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 17:54
Ecuador seeks mediator to resolve 'untenable' Assange standoff: minister
Quito (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 16:51
ELN rebels say Colombia ceasefire to end, but can be extended
Lagos (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 15:54
Death toll from Nigeria communal violence reaches 80
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 13:18
Two Koreas agree to hold military talks to defuse tension: Seoul
Warsaw (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 12:27
Polish PM sacks defence, foreign ministers in reshuffle
Gaza City (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 11:53
Senior Hamas figure shot in Gaza, in critical condition: medical source
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 10:17
Koreas agree to restore military hotline: Seoul official
Damascus (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 08:14
Israeli air strikes, rockets hit Syria: Syrian army
Seoul (South Korea) (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 05:25
South Korea proposes family reunions in talks with North
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 02:59
N. Korea chief delegate seeks 'precious' results from talks
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 02:19
North and South Korea begin talks

    News
  
Deep, buried glaciers spotted on Mars
        11
        Jan
        2018      

					    
					    NASA/AFP/File / HO
					    By the 2030s, NASA hopes to send human explorers to Mars, the surface of which is seen in a May 2017 handout photo covered in carbon dioxide snow and ice, different from the buried glaciers researchers have spotted
				    
Buried glaciers have been spotted on Mars, offering new hints about how much water may be accessible on the Red Planet and where it is located, researchers said Thursday.
Although ice has long been known to exist on Mars, a better understanding of its depth and location could be vital to future human explorers, said the report in the US journal Science.
"Astronauts could essentially just go there with a bucket and a shovel and get all the water they need," said co-author Shane Byrne of the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in Tucson.
A total of eight ice sites, some as shallow as a few feet (one meter) below the surface, and going as deep as 100 meters or more, have been exposed by erosion.
These underground cliffs, or scarps, appear "to be nearly pure ice," said the report.
The discovery was possible due to images and data sent by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), launched in 2005.
The probe's first find of water on Mars was published in Science in 2010.
- Widespread ice  -
But now, scientists realize that ice is more widespread than previously thought, said lead author Colin Dundas, a geologist at the US Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Arizona.
"There is shallow ground ice under roughly a third of the Martian surface, which records the recent history of Mars," he said.
"What we've seen here are cross-sections through the ice that give us a 3-D view with more detail than ever before."
The ice contains bands and color variations that suggest it was formed layer by layer, perhaps as snow accumulated over time, leading to ice sheets.
Researchers believe the ice formed relatively recently, because the sites appear smooth on the surface, unpocked by craters that would be formed by celestial debris smashing into the planet over time.
But just how and when they formed remains unclear.
The cliffs are located in the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars, at a latitude of 55 to 58 degrees, which on Earth would be similar to Scotland or the tip of South America.
These regions slip into a frigid darkness during the Martian winter and would not be a suitable site for a long-term human camp.
However, they are not as treacherous as the poles, and if a sample could be drilled from one of the glaciers, researchers could learn plenty about Mars' climate and the potential for life on Earth's neighboring planet.
"If you had a mission at one of these sites, sampling the layers going down the scarp, you could get a detailed climate history of Mars," said MRO deputy project scientist Leslie Tamppari of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
"It's part of the whole story of what happens to water on Mars over time: Where does it go? When does ice accumulate? When does it recede?"
NASA plans to send the first human explorers to Mars by the 2030s.

Home

News

Deep, buried glaciers spotted on Mars

11 Jan 2018

NASA/AFP/File / HO By the 2030s, NASA hopes to send human explorers to Mars, the surface of which is seen in a May 2017 handout photo covered in carbon dioxide snow and ice, different from the buried glaciers researchers have spotted

Buried glaciers have been spotted on Mars, offering new hints about how much water may be accessible on the Red Planet and where it is located, researchers said Thursday.

Although ice has long been known to exist on Mars, a better understanding of its depth and location could be vital to future human explorers, said the report in the US journal Science.

"Astronauts could essentially just go there with a bucket and a shovel and get all the water they need," said co-author Shane Byrne of the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in Tucson.

A total of eight ice sites, some as shallow as a few feet (one meter) below the surface, and going as deep as 100 meters or more, have been exposed by erosion.

These underground cliffs, or scarps, appear "to be nearly pure ice," said the report.

The discovery was possible due to images and data sent by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), launched in 2005.

The probe's first find of water on Mars was published in Science in 2010.

- Widespread ice -

But now, scientists realize that ice is more widespread than previously thought, said lead author Colin Dundas, a geologist at the US Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Arizona.

"There is shallow ground ice under roughly a third of the Martian surface, which records the recent history of Mars," he said.

"What we've seen here are cross-sections through the ice that give us a 3-D view with more detail than ever before."

The ice contains bands and color variations that suggest it was formed layer by layer, perhaps as snow accumulated over time, leading to ice sheets.

Researchers believe the ice formed relatively recently, because the sites appear smooth on the surface, unpocked by craters that would be formed by celestial debris smashing into the planet over time.

But just how and when they formed remains unclear.

The cliffs are located in the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars, at a latitude of 55 to 58 degrees, which on Earth would be similar to Scotland or the tip of South America.

These regions slip into a frigid darkness during the Martian winter and would not be a suitable site for a long-term human camp.

However, they are not as treacherous as the poles, and if a sample could be drilled from one of the glaciers, researchers could learn plenty about Mars' climate and the potential for life on Earth's neighboring planet.

"If you had a mission at one of these sites, sampling the layers going down the scarp, you could get a detailed climate history of Mars," said MRO deputy project scientist Leslie Tamppari of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

"It's part of the whole story of what happens to water on Mars over time: Where does it go? When does ice accumulate? When does it recede?"

NASA plans to send the first human explorers to Mars by the 2030s.

11 Jan 2018

Buried glaciers have been spotted on Mars, offering new hints about how much water may be accessible on the Red Planet and where it is located, researchers said Thursday.

Although ice has long been known to exist on Mars, a better understanding of its depth and location could be vital to future human explorers, said the report in the US journal Science.

11 Jan 2018 Deep, buried glaciers spotted on Mars | AFP.com

Washington (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 23:33
S&P pushes Brazil credit rating further into junk to BB-
Paris (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 23:05
All jewels stolen from Paris's Ritz hotel recovered: source
Paris (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 22:14
Macron tells Trump it's important to respect Iran nuclear deal
New York (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 22:06
US stocks finish at all-time highs
Yangon (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 20:18
Shallow 6.0-magnitude earthquake hits Myanmar: USGS
Quito (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 17:39
Ecuador grants citizenship to WikiLeaks founder Assange
Nablus (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 17:07
Palestinian killed by Israeli army in West Bank clashes: officials
Gaza City (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 16:27
Palestinian shot dead in Israel-Gaza border clashes: health ministry
Washington (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 15:12
US task force to probe Hezbollah 'narcoterror'
Washington (United States) (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 14:40
US wholesale prices slip in December, 1st drop in 16 months
Brussels (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 12:08
Iran nuclear deal criticised by Trump 'is working': EU's Mogherini
Frankfurt am Main (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 10:11
German economy grew 2.2% in 2017: official data
Berlin (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 09:54
'Big obstacles' still in way of Germany coalition deal: Merkel
Brussels (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 09:26
Luxembourg court overturns sentence against Luxleaks whistleblower
Jerusalem (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 08:53
Israel approves more than 1,100 new West Bank settlement homes: NGO
Beijing (AFP) - 01/11/2018 - 05:39
China denies report it could halt US bond purchases
New York (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 22:06
US stocks finish lower, ending streak of records
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 21:50
Trump says US could 'conceivably' return to Paris climate deal
Paris (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 20:57
Jewels worth millions of euros stolen in Paris Ritz armed robbery: police
Quito (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 18:35
Colombia rebels call for talks after government suspends peace deal
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 17:44
Trump open to talks between US and N. Korea
Bogota (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 15:52
Colombia president suspends ceasefire talks over rebel attacks
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 15:35
Trump calls US court system 'unfair' after 'Dreamers' ruling
Berlin (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 14:49
French finance minister urges 'more investments' from Germany
Yangon (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 14:43
Myanmar security forces took part in killing 10 Rohingya: army
Beijing (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 07:50
China orders 184 Airbus A320 planes: France
Yangon (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 05:45
Myanmar police charge Reuters reporters under Official Secrets Act
San Francisco (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 05:43
US judge blocks Trump move rescinding immigrant program
Washington (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 04:23
Magnitude 7.6 earthquake strikes off Honduras coast: USGS
Tripoli (AFP) - 01/10/2018 - 00:43
Scores of migrants missing in Mediterranean: Libyan Navy
New York (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:19
Bannon steps down from Breitbart News
New York (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:06
Dow, S&P 500, Nasdaq end at records, extending rally
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 22:01
World Bank upgrades global growth forecasts as recovery strengthens
Jerusalem (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 21:16
Israeli shot near West Bank settlement dies of wounds: army
Johannesburg (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 19:53
S.Africa's graft-tainted Zuma announces anti-corruption probe
Beirut (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 19:45
Ten children among 24 dead in attacks on Syria's Ghouta: new toll
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 18:50
Trump 'likes' Oprah, but doubts she'll run for president
Washington (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 18:21
Trump to attend Davos economic forum: W.House
Quito (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 17:54
Ecuador seeks mediator to resolve 'untenable' Assange standoff: minister
Quito (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 16:51
ELN rebels say Colombia ceasefire to end, but can be extended
Lagos (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 15:54
Death toll from Nigeria communal violence reaches 80
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 13:18
Two Koreas agree to hold military talks to defuse tension: Seoul
Warsaw (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 12:27
Polish PM sacks defence, foreign ministers in reshuffle
Gaza City (Palestinian Territories) (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 11:53
Senior Hamas figure shot in Gaza, in critical condition: medical source
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 10:17
Koreas agree to restore military hotline: Seoul official
Damascus (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 08:14
Israeli air strikes, rockets hit Syria: Syrian army
Seoul (South Korea) (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 05:25
South Korea proposes family reunions in talks with North
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 02:59
N. Korea chief delegate seeks 'precious' results from talks
Seoul (AFP) - 01/09/2018 - 02:19
North and South Korea begin talks

    News
  
Deep, buried glaciers spotted on Mars
        11
        Jan
        2018      

					    
					    NASA/AFP/File / HO
					    By the 2030s, NASA hopes to send human explorers to Mars, the surface of which is seen in a May 2017 handout photo covered in carbon dioxide snow and ice, different from the buried glaciers researchers have spotted
				    
Buried glaciers have been spotted on Mars, offering new hints about how much water may be accessible on the Red Planet and where it is located, researchers said Thursday.
Although ice has long been known to exist on Mars, a better understanding of its depth and location could be vital to future human explorers, said the report in the US journal Science.
"Astronauts could essentially just go there with a bucket and a shovel and get all the water they need," said co-author Shane Byrne of the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in Tucson.
A total of eight ice sites, some as shallow as a few feet (one meter) below the surface, and going as deep as 100 meters or more, have been exposed by erosion.
These underground cliffs, or scarps, appear "to be nearly pure ice," said the report.
The discovery was possible due to images and data sent by the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), launched in 2005.
The probe's first find of water on Mars was published in Science in 2010.
- Widespread ice  -
But now, scientists realize that ice is more widespread than previously thought, said lead author Colin Dundas, a geologist at the US Geological Survey in Flagstaff, Arizona.
"There is shallow ground ice under roughly a third of the Martian surface, which records the recent history of Mars," he said.
"What we've seen here are cross-sections through the ice that give us a 3-D view with more detail than ever before."
The ice contains bands and color variations that suggest it was formed layer by layer, perhaps as snow accumulated over time, leading to ice sheets.
Researchers believe the ice formed relatively recently, because the sites appear smooth on the surface, unpocked by craters that would be formed by celestial debris smashing into the planet over time.
But just how and when they formed remains unclear.
The cliffs are located in the northern and southern hemispheres of Mars, at a latitude of 55 to 58 degrees, which on Earth would be similar to Scotland or the tip of South America.
These regions slip into a frigid darkness during the Martian winter and would not be a suitable site for a long-term human camp.
However, they are not as treacherous as the poles, and if a sample could be drilled from one of the glaciers, researchers could learn plenty about Mars' climate and the potential for life on Earth's neighboring planet.
"If you had a mission at one of these sites, sampling the layers going down the scarp, you could get a detailed climate history of Mars," said MRO deputy project scientist Leslie Tamppari of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
"It's part of the whole story of what happens to water on Mars over time: Where does it go? When does ice accumulate? When does it recede?"
NASA plans to send the first human explorers to Mars by the 2030s.