Need to bring gender equity in science and technology education in India
In India, there is a severe under-representation of girls and women in science and technology education and employment. The gender roles are quite entrenched in the society and teaching-learning methods are highly masculinized. The issue of gender equity needs to be addressed in the areas of education, employment, advocacy and social policy. But, essentially, there is a pressing need of gender equity in education, first and formost.
According
to experts, there is a dire need to make a beginning at school level needs to
be made for de-sexing science and
technology education. Hitherto, some
attention is being paid to make gender sensitivity and equity cross-cutting
issues in the elementary education projects but things are more paper. The
implementation part is missing since it requires hard work to make a paradigm
shift for gender equity in elementary education which is also implicated by the
Right to Education Act.
The experts suggest that a multi-pronged strategy to address the
most glaring gender disparity in science and
technology education and
employment at higher education level, it is being felt. For this the classroom
environment and instructional methods need to be changed and lecture method
should be replaced by collaborative learning methods.
Furthermore, the research in neuroscience has shown the subtle
differences in the functioning of the brains of men and women. Women's left and
right hemispheres of brain get activated when exposed to new concrete
experiences in an emotional setting. While in the case of men, it is the left
hemisphere that gets activated whether experience is concrete or abstract.
This has implications for learning environment and teaching
techniques both. The emotionally charged learning environment coupled with
cooperative learning and multiple intelligences approach to instruction are
seen appropriate for making science, technology and mathematics learning
compatible to both girls and boys, which has been suggested by some researchers
and educators.
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