How Google search can be used to track dengue in underdeveloped countries

Researchers used Google's Trends to track top dengue-related search queries

Press Trust of India  |  Boston 

Representative image
Representative image

An analytical tool that uses search data can quickly and accurately track fever in less-developed countries, and could enable faster response to outbreaks, scientists say.

The research builds on a methodology previously developed by the team to track in the US.


The mathematical modelling tool, known as "AutoRegression with search queries" (ARGO), revived hopes in 2015 that internet search data could help health officials track diseases after earlier systems like Flu Trends and Trends returned poor

In the new study, the researchers at University in the US modified to explore its potential to track activity in Mexico, Brazil, Thailand, Singapore, and

Dengue, a mosquito-borne virus that infects about 390 million people each year, is often difficult to monitor with traditional hospital-based reporting due to inefficient communication, but dengue-related searches could provide faster alerts.

The researchers used Google's "Trends" tool to track the top ten dengue-related search queries made by users in each country during the study period.

They also gathered historical data from government health agencies and input both datasets into

Using the assumption that more dengue-related searches occur when more people are infected, calculated near real-time estimates of prevalence for each country.

The scientists then compared ARGO's estimates with those from five other methods. They found that returned more accurate estimates than did any other method for Mexico, Brazil, Thailand, and

Estimates for were less accurate, possibly because the country experienced less-consistent seasonal disease patterns from year to year, researchers said.

The findings highlight the potential for searches to enable accurate, timely tracking of mosquito-borne diseases in countries lacking effective traditional surveillance systems.

Future work could investigate whether this method could be improved to track disease on finer spatial and temporal scales, and whether environmental data, such as temperature, could improve estimates, researchers said.

"The wide availability of internet throughout the globe provides the potential for an alternative way to reliably track infectious diseases, such as dengue, faster than traditional clinical-based systems," said Mauricio Santillana of Boston Children's Hospital and Medical School.

"This alternative way of tracking disease could be used to alert governments and hospitals when elevated incidence is anticipated, and provide safety information for travellers," said Santillana, senior author of the study published in the journal PLOS Computational Biology.

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