80% of world's cities show signs of fragility: Report
NEW DELHI: Around 55 per cent people live in cities and account for USD 62 trillion of economic activity, but 80 per cent of the world's cities are showing signs of fragility, says a report.
According to Bank of America Merrill Lynch (BofAML), cities across the world are set to be transformed by disruptive technology like broadband, 5G, sensors, IoT, Big Data, cloud and AI (artificial intelligence), among others.
"Cities have become the engines of global economic growth, with economic activity of about USD 62 trillion per annum (around 85 per cent of global GDP), rising to USD 115 trillion by 2030," BofAML said in a research note, adding that more than 80 per cent of the world's cities show signs of fragility.
"Our cities are reaching a tipping point on many issues: poor governance and weak institutions, inadequate infrastructure, rising inequality, housing, environmental challenges and new and pervasive risks," it added.
According to BofAML Smart City Indicator, Singapore, London, New York, Paris, Tokyo, Stockholm, Amsterdam, Seoul and Vienna are some of the "smartest" cities in the world.
"We see the Smart City market growing to USD 1.3-1.6 trillion by 2020," the report noted.
Globally, China has the largest urban population (758 million, followed by India with 410 million and the US at 263 million. The US is among the world's most urbanised nations as 86 per cent of the population is urban.
The countries with the greatest urban populations in 2050 will be China (1 billion), India (875 million), the US (365 million) and Nigeria (218 million).
The report further noted that the world will have 41 mega cities and 11 meta cities by 2030. While mega cities are defined by a population of more than 10 million, meta cities have over 20 million inhabitants.
Tokyo is expected to remain the world's largest urban agglomeration in 2030, with Delhi and Shanghai maintaining their second and third positions, respectively.
Three Indian cities -- Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata -- have been named among the top 20 global megacities.
According to Bank of America Merrill Lynch (BofAML), cities across the world are set to be transformed by disruptive technology like broadband, 5G, sensors, IoT, Big Data, cloud and AI (artificial intelligence), among others.
"Cities have become the engines of global economic growth, with economic activity of about USD 62 trillion per annum (around 85 per cent of global GDP), rising to USD 115 trillion by 2030," BofAML said in a research note, adding that more than 80 per cent of the world's cities show signs of fragility.
"Our cities are reaching a tipping point on many issues: poor governance and weak institutions, inadequate infrastructure, rising inequality, housing, environmental challenges and new and pervasive risks," it added.
According to BofAML Smart City Indicator, Singapore, London, New York, Paris, Tokyo, Stockholm, Amsterdam, Seoul and Vienna are some of the "smartest" cities in the world.
"We see the Smart City market growing to USD 1.3-1.6 trillion by 2020," the report noted.
Globally, China has the largest urban population (758 million, followed by India with 410 million and the US at 263 million. The US is among the world's most urbanised nations as 86 per cent of the population is urban.
The countries with the greatest urban populations in 2050 will be China (1 billion), India (875 million), the US (365 million) and Nigeria (218 million).
The report further noted that the world will have 41 mega cities and 11 meta cities by 2030. While mega cities are defined by a population of more than 10 million, meta cities have over 20 million inhabitants.
Tokyo is expected to remain the world's largest urban agglomeration in 2030, with Delhi and Shanghai maintaining their second and third positions, respectively.
Three Indian cities -- Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata -- have been named among the top 20 global megacities.
